School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing, China.
School of Sociology and Population Sciences, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2018 Jul 13;18(1):301. doi: 10.1186/s12884-018-1934-7.
There is a very large population of internal migrants in China, and the majority of migrant women are of childbearing age. Little is known about their utilization of prenatal care and factors that influence this. We examined this using data from a large national survey of migrants.
5372 married rural to urban migrant women aged 20-34 who were included in the 2014 National Dynamic Monitoring Survey on Migrants and who delivered a baby within the previous two years were studied. We examined demographic and migration experience predictors of prenatal care in the first trimester and of adequate prenatal visits.
12.6% of migrant women reported no examination in the first trimester and 27.6% had less than 5 prenatal visits during their latest pregnancy. Multivariate analysis indicated that demographic predictors of delayed and inadequate care included lower educational level, lower income and not having childbearing insurance. Migrating before pregnancy, longer time since migration, having migrated a greater distance, and not returning to their home town for delivery were correlated with better prenatal care.
Many internal migrant women in China do not receive adequate prenatal care. While internal migration before pregnancy seems to promote adequate prenatal care, it also creates barriers to receiving care. Strategies to improve prenatal care utilization include expanding access to childbearing insurance and timely education for women before and after they migrate.
中国有大量的内部移民，大多数移民女性都处于生育年龄。她们利用产前护理的情况以及影响这一情况的因素知之甚少。我们使用来自一项大型移民全国性调查的数据对此进行了研究。
对 2014 年全国流动人口动态监测调查中 5372 名年龄在 20-34 岁之间、已婚、从农村到城市的移民妇女进行了研究，这些妇女在过去两年内分娩过。我们研究了人口统计学和迁移经历对第一孕期产前护理和足够产前检查的预测因素。
12.6%的移民妇女报告说在第一孕期没有检查，27.6%的人在最近一次怀孕时产前检查次数少于 5 次。多变量分析表明，延迟和不足够的护理的人口统计学预测因素包括教育程度较低、收入较低和没有生育保险。在怀孕前迁移、迁移时间较长、迁移距离较远以及不在家乡分娩与更好的产前护理相关。
中国许多内部移民妇女没有得到足够的产前护理。虽然怀孕前的内部迁移似乎促进了充分的产前护理，但也为获得护理带来了障碍。提高产前护理利用率的策略包括扩大生育保险的覆盖面，并在妇女迁移前后及时对其进行教育。
