医学生注意缺陷多动障碍症状与生活满意度的关系：韧性的中介作用。
Associations between symptoms of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder and life satisfaction in medical students: the mediating effect of resilience.
机构信息
English Department, School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
出版信息
BMC Med Educ. 2018 Jul 13;18(1):164. doi: 10.1186/s12909-018-1261-8.
BACKGROUND
Research on symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in medical students is rather scant. Studying the disorder in this population, especially its associations with positive psychological constructs can further the understanding of mental health in future physicians. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the prevalence of ADHD symptoms in medical students, to examine the relationships between ADHD symptoms and life satisfaction, and to explore the mediating role of resilience on the associations.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study was carried out at one medical university in China, in June 2016. Self-reported questionnaires consisting of Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS), Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS), Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), and socio-demographic characteristics, were distributed to the students. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to examine the effects of ADHD symptoms on life satisfaction, and asymptotic and resampling strategies were used to explore the mediating role of resilience.
RESULTS
A total number of 521 medical students became final subjects. Based on the cutoffs of the scales, 1.54% of the medical students were highly likely to have ADHD, and 6.91% of the students were likely to have ADHD. Only inattention was negatively correlated with life satisfaction in the students. Resilience functioned as a mediator in the relationship between inattention and life satisfaction.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of ADHD symptoms among Chinese medical students could be relatively high. Inattention is significantly related to life satisfaction among the students. Early identification of medical students with ADHD symptoms should be warranted. Resilience intervention programs might be undertaken to enhance life satisfaction in medical students, especially for those with inattention symptoms.
背景
针对医学生注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状的研究相对较少。研究该人群中的该障碍，特别是其与积极心理结构的关联，可以进一步了解未来医生的心理健康。本研究的目的是调查医学生 ADHD 症状的患病率，检验 ADHD 症状与生活满意度之间的关系，并探索韧性在其中的中介作用。
方法
本横断面研究于 2016 年 6 月在中国的一所医科大学进行。向学生发放了包含成人 ADHD 自评量表（ASRS）、Wender Utah 评定量表（WURS）、Connor-Davidson 韧性量表（CD-RISC）、生活满意度量表（SWLS）和社会人口学特征的自报告问卷。采用分层线性回归分析检验 ADHD 症状对生活满意度的影响，并采用渐近和重抽样策略探索韧性的中介作用。
结果
共有 521 名医学生成为最终研究对象。根据量表的截断值，1.54%的医学生极有可能患有 ADHD，6.91%的学生可能患有 ADHD。只有注意力不集中与学生的生活满意度呈负相关。韧性在注意力不集中与生活满意度之间的关系中起中介作用。
结论
中国医学生 ADHD 症状的患病率可能相对较高。注意力不集中与学生的生活满意度显著相关。应早期识别有 ADHD 症状的医学生。应开展韧性干预计划，以提高医学生，尤其是注意力不集中症状的医学生的生活满意度。
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