Odar Stough Cathleen, Bolling Christopher, Zion Cynthia, Stark Lori J
Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, 4150P Edwards One, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA.
Pediatric Associates, PSC, 2865 Chancellor Drive Suite 225, Crestview Hills, KY, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2018 Dec;22(12):1805-1814. doi: 10.1007/s10995-018-2581-3.
Objectives High birth weight (HBW ≥ 4000 g) infants are at increased risk for obesity, but research has yet to identify the mechanism for this increased risk and whether certain subsets of HBW infants are at greater risk. Methods This exploratory study examined child eating behaviors and maternal feeding practices and beliefs across 21 HBW and 20 normal birth weight (NBW, 2500-3999 g) infants at 7-8 months of age using maternal-report measures (n = 41) and a bottle feeding task (n = 16). Results HBW infants were at increased risk for high weight-for-length at 7-8 months (F (2, 38) = 6.03, p = .02) compared to NBW infants, but no statistically significance differences on weight gained per day since birth, child eating behaviors, or most maternal feeding practices and beliefs were found between HBW and NBW infants. However, HBW infants who maintained a high weight-for-length (≥ 85th percentile) at 7-8 months had a higher birth weight, gained more weight per day, and had lower maternal-reported satiety responsiveness and maternal social interactions during feedings than their HBW counterparts who were currently below the 85th percentile. Conclusions for Practice HBW infants did not differ from NBW infants on eating behaviors and feeding practices, but children born at HBW who maintain excess weight during infancy do differ from those infants who fall below the 85th percentile for weight-for-length. Future research should identify risk factors that longitudinally differentiate HBW infants at greatest risk for maintaining excess weight and develop early screening and intervention efforts for this subset of at-risk infants.
目的 高出生体重（HBW≥4000克）婴儿肥胖风险增加，但研究尚未确定这种风险增加的机制以及某些高出生体重婴儿亚组是否风险更高。方法 这项探索性研究使用母亲报告测量法（n = 41）和奶瓶喂养任务（n = 16），对21名高出生体重婴儿和20名正常出生体重（NBW，2500 - 3999克）婴儿在7 - 8个月大时的儿童饮食行为以及母亲的喂养行为和信念进行了研究。结果 与正常出生体重婴儿相比，高出生体重婴儿在7 - 8个月时身长体重比偏高的风险增加（F(2, 38) = 6.03，p = 0.02），但在自出生以来的每日体重增加、儿童饮食行为或大多数母亲的喂养行为和信念方面，高出生体重婴儿与正常出生体重婴儿之间未发现统计学上的显著差异。然而，在7 - 8个月时身长体重比维持在较高水平（≥第85百分位数）的高出生体重婴儿，与目前低于第85百分位数的高出生体重婴儿相比，出生体重更高，每日体重增加更多，母亲报告的喂养时饱腹感反应性更低，母亲的社交互动也更少。实践结论 高出生体重婴儿在饮食行为和喂养方式上与正常出生体重婴儿没有差异，但在婴儿期维持超重的高出生体重儿与身长体重比低于第85百分位数的婴儿不同。未来的研究应确定纵向区分维持超重风险最高的高出生体重婴儿的风险因素，并针对这一高危婴儿亚组开展早期筛查和干预措施。
