University of Texas - Rio Grande Valley, USA.
University of Texas - Rio Grande Valley, USA.
Conscious Cogn. 2018 Aug;63:239-253. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2018.06.003. Epub 2018 Jun 29.
Subjects studied Deese-Roediger-McDermott semantic-associate lists and took a recognition test. The makeup and number of test probes were manipulated. In Experiments 1 and 2A, one of three or all three distractors were semantically related to the list theme. In Experiment 2B, 6 or 30 related probes were used at test. Results showed that semantically related distractors and a longer list of test words both had a beneficial effect on the accurate discrimination of the prototype lures from the studied semantic associates and on the discrimination of studied from unstudied prototype words. These findings are inconsistent with predictions of memory interference and activation theories. We propose that the counterintuitive findings can be explained by the notion of old/new recognition as categorization learning and that relatedness and a larger number of test probes provide more accurate information about the prototype lure as a distractor, thereby improving its classification as a distractor.
被试学习了 Deese-Roediger-McDermott 语义联想词表，并参加了识别测试。测试探针的组成和数量是可以被操控的。在实验 1 和实验 2A 中，有三种或三种干扰物中的一种与列表主题在语义上相关。在实验 2B 中，在测试中使用了 6 个或 30 个相关的探针。结果表明，语义相关的干扰物和更长的测试词列表都对从学习的语义联想词中准确区分原型诱饵以及区分学习过的和未学习过的原型词有有益的影响。这些发现与记忆干扰和激活理论的预测不一致。我们提出，这种违反直觉的发现可以通过新旧识别的概念来解释，即将关联性和更多的测试探针作为分类学习，为原型诱饵提供更准确的信息，从而提高其作为干扰物的分类能力。
