Department of Psychological Sciences, Tarleton State University, Box T-0820, Stephenville, TX, 76401, USA.
Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
Psychol Res. 2020 Mar;84(2):424-439. doi: 10.1007/s00426-018-1057-9. Epub 2018 Jul 16.
Previous studies have found decomposed processes, as well as holistic processes, in the representation of two-digit numbers. The present study investigated the influence of task instruction on such processes. Participants completed both magnitude and parity tasks in one of three instructional conditions, where they were asked to either consider two-digit numbers as a whole or to focus on one specific digit. In two experiments, we found that when participants were asked to consider the two digits as an integrated number, they always exhibited a unit-decade compatibility effect, indicating a failure of selective attention on the digit relevant to the given task. However, the mere presence of the neighboring digit is not a sufficient condition for the compatibility effect: when participants were explicitly asked to process a specific digit, their success/failure to selectively ignore the irrelevant digit depended on task requirements. Further, computer mouse tracking indicated that the locus of the compatibility effect was related to late response-related processing. The results signify the deep involvement of top-down processes in unit-decade binding for two-digit number representation.
先前的研究发现，在两位数的表示中存在分解过程和整体过程。本研究调查了任务指令对这些过程的影响。参与者在三种指导条件下完成了大小和奇偶任务，其中要求他们将两位数作为一个整体考虑，或者专注于一个特定的数字。在两个实验中，我们发现，当参与者被要求将两个数字视为一个集成的数字时，他们总是表现出单位-十进制兼容性效应，这表明对与给定任务相关的数字的选择性注意失败。然而，仅仅存在相邻数字并不是兼容性效应的充分条件：当参与者被明确要求处理特定数字时，他们是否成功地选择性忽略不相关数字取决于任务要求。此外，计算机鼠标跟踪表明，兼容性效应的位置与反应相关的后期处理有关。结果表明，自上而下的过程在两位数的表示中对单位-十进制的绑定有深度的参与。
