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职业暴露于艾滋病毒和乙型肝炎后的暴露后预防：尼日利亚一家三级医院12年记录分析

Post-exposure prophylaxis following occupational exposure to HIV and hepatitis B: an analysis of a 12-year record in a Nigerian tertiary hospital.

作者信息

Abubakar Salisu, Iliyasu Garba, Dayyab Farouq Muhammad, Inuwa Salisu, Tudun Wada Rabiu Alhassan, Sadiq Nasiru Magaji, Gadanya Muktar Ahmed, Sheshe Abdulrahman Abba, Mijinyawa Mohammad Sani, Habib Abdulrazaq Garba

机构信息

Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria.

Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria.

出版信息

J Infect Prev. 2018 Jul;19(4):184-189. doi: 10.1177/1757177417746733. Epub 2017 Dec 17.

DOI:10.1177/1757177417746733
PMID:30013623
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6039908/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Healthcare workers (HCWs) have an increased risk of occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens.

AIMS/OBJECTIVES: We aim to examine the utilisation and outcome of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for both HIV and hepatitis B (HBV) among HCWs.

METHODS

This was a retrospective study conducted in a tertiary hospital in North-Western Nigeria. We reviewed data on HIV or HBV PEP given to HCWs between 2004 and 2016.

RESULTS

A total of 115 HCWs presented for PEP during the study period. Intern doctors were the most exposed group (40/115; 34.8%). There were 86/115 (74.8%) needle stick exposures. While 53/115 (46.1%) of the sources of exposure were HIV-positive, 9/115(7.83%) were HBV-positive. Zidovudine-based regimen (40/70) was the most commonly prescribed. No seroconversion occurred among those that completed PEP treatment and follow-up.

DISCUSSION

No seroconversion occurred among those that received either or both HIV and HBV PEP and completed PEP treatment.

摘要

背景

医护人员职业暴露于血源性病原体的风险增加。

目的

我们旨在研究医护人员中针对HIV和乙型肝炎（HBV）的暴露后预防（PEP）的使用情况及结果。

方法

这是一项在尼日利亚西北部一家三级医院进行的回顾性研究。我们回顾了2004年至2016年间给予医护人员的HIV或HBV PEP的数据。

结果

在研究期间，共有115名医护人员接受PEP。实习医生是暴露最多的群体（40/115；34.8%）。有86/115（74.8%）例针刺暴露。暴露源中53/115（46.1%）为HIV阳性，9/115（7.83%）为HBV阳性。基于齐多夫定的方案（40/70）是最常用的处方。完成PEP治疗和随访的人员中未发生血清转化。

讨论

接受HIV和HBV PEP其中之一或两者并完成PEP治疗的人员中未发生血清转化。

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