Akbani Y, Bolme P, Lindblad B S, Rahimtoola R J
Acta Paediatr Scand. 1977 Mar;66(2):237-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1977.tb07840.x.
In 12 malnourished children, who were treated for tuberculosis, plasma levels of streptomycin and isoniazid were followed. Streptomycin was administered i.m. in a dose of 25-50 mg/kg/24 hours. High initial plasma levels were reached (mean: 44.3 mug/ml at 30 min). Streptomycin levels were followed for 5 hours and the mean plasma level at that time was 17.0 mug/ml. From the present data a plasma half life of streptomycin of 3.5 hours has been estimated. It is advised that streptomycin should not be given in doses above 25 mg/kg/24 hours to avoid potential toxic plasma levels especially if plasma levels cannot be measured. It is also concluded from our study that renal function is not affected in malnourished children to an extent where streptomycin clearance is greatly affected. Isoniazid was given orally, 10 mg/kg/24 hours. From 30 min to 6 hours after administration, mean plasma levels of isoniazid above 0.5 mug/ml were observed. In all children measurable plasma levels were obtained. It is concluded that also children with malnutrition can absorb isoniazid after oral administration. From our data it is suggested that the majority of the children in our study were rapid inactivators of isoniazid.
对12名接受结核病治疗的营养不良儿童的血浆链霉素和异烟肼水平进行了跟踪监测。链霉素通过肌肉注射给药，剂量为25 - 50毫克/千克/24小时。初始血浆水平较高（30分钟时平均为44.3微克/毫升）。链霉素水平跟踪监测了5小时，此时的平均血浆水平为17.0微克/毫升。根据现有数据估计链霉素的血浆半衰期为3.5小时。建议链霉素的给药剂量不应超过25毫克/千克/24小时，以避免潜在的毒性血浆水平，特别是在无法测量血浆水平的情况下。我们的研究还得出结论，营养不良儿童的肾功能未受到影响，以至于链霉素清除率未受到极大影响。异烟肼口服给药，剂量为10毫克/千克/24小时。给药后30分钟至6小时，观察到异烟肼的平均血浆水平高于0.5微克/毫升。在所有儿童中均获得了可测量的血浆水平。得出的结论是，营养不良的儿童口服异烟肼后也能吸收。根据我们的数据表明，我们研究中的大多数儿童是异烟肼的快速灭活剂。
