Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA; email:
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2018 Oct 6;34:333-355. doi: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100617-062855. Epub 2018 Jul 20.
Stellate cells are resident lipid-storing cells of the pancreas and liver that transdifferentiate to a myofibroblastic state in the context of tissue injury. Beyond having roles in tissue homeostasis, stellate cells are increasingly implicated in pathological fibrogenic and inflammatory programs that contribute to tissue fibrosis and that constitute a growth-permissive tumor microenvironment. Although the capacity of stellate cells for extracellular matrix production and remodeling has long been appreciated, recent research efforts have demonstrated diverse roles for stellate cells in regulation of epithelial cell fate, immune modulation, and tissue health. Our present understanding of stellate cell biology in health and disease is discussed here, as are emerging means to target these multifaceted cells for therapeutic benefit.
星状细胞是胰腺和肝脏中的固有脂质储存细胞，在组织损伤的情况下会向肌成纤维细胞状态转化。星状细胞除了在组织稳态中发挥作用外，还越来越多地参与病理性纤维生成和炎症程序，导致组织纤维化，并构成促进肿瘤生长的微环境。尽管人们早就认识到星状细胞产生细胞外基质和重塑的能力，但最近的研究工作表明，星状细胞在调节上皮细胞命运、免疫调节和组织健康方面具有多种作用。本文讨论了目前对星状细胞在健康和疾病中的生物学认识，以及针对这些多方面细胞的治疗靶点的新方法。
