Ohta H, Yoshikawa Y, Kai C, Yamanouchi K, Taniguchi H, Komine K, Ishijima Y, Okada H
J Virol. 1986 Feb;57(2):670-3. doi: 10.1128/JVI.57.2.670-673.1986.
The course of infection with an attenuated strain of fowlpox virus (FPV), which is known to induce antibody-independent activation of complement via the alternative pathway, was investigated in 1- to 3-day-old chickens and 14-day-old chicken embryos by treatment with cobra venom factor (CVF). CVF was found to inhibit complement activity transiently via the alternative pathway but not via the classical pathway. In chickens treated with CVF, virus growth in the skin was enhanced, and pock lesions tended to disseminate, leading to fatal infection in some birds. Histologically, an acute inflammation at an early stage of infection (within 3 days) was inhibited, and virus content in the pock lesion was increased. In chicken embryos with immature immune capacities, CVF treatment caused changes in pock morphology from clear pocks to diffuse ones, an increase in virus content in the pock, and inhibition of cell infiltration. Thus, FPV infection was aggravated in both CVF-treated chickens and chicken embryos. These results are discussed in relation to roles of complement in the elimination of virus at an early stage of FPV infection.
已知禽痘病毒（FPV）减毒株可通过替代途径诱导补体的抗体非依赖性激活，本研究通过用眼镜蛇毒因子（CVF）处理，对1至3日龄雏鸡和14日龄鸡胚感染该病毒的过程进行了调查。发现CVF可通过替代途径短暂抑制补体活性，但不能通过经典途径。在用CVF处理的雏鸡中，病毒在皮肤中的生长增强，痘疱病变易于扩散，导致一些鸡死亡。组织学上，感染早期（3天内）的急性炎症受到抑制，痘疱病变中的病毒含量增加。在免疫能力不成熟的鸡胚中，CVF处理导致痘疱形态从清晰的痘疱变为弥漫性痘疱，痘疱中的病毒含量增加，以及细胞浸润受到抑制。因此，在CVF处理的雏鸡和鸡胚中，FPV感染均加重。结合补体在FPV感染早期清除病毒中的作用对这些结果进行了讨论。
