Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany.
PLoS One. 2018 Jul 25;13(7):e0199957. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199957. eCollection 2018.
Previous studies on self-esteem and depression demonstrated the usefulness of both implicit and explicit self-esteem as well as their congruence (also known as self-esteem consistency) to predict future depressive symptoms. High self-esteem consistency describes when implicit and explicit self-esteem match (e.g., both high or both low). In the current study, we investigated if implicit and explicit self-esteem and self-esteem consistency predict the course of treatment efficacy of a cognitive behavioral depression therapy. Explicit self-esteem was assessed by the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, implicit self-esteem by a priming task. Participants were 31 patients with a major depressive or recurrent depressive disorder receiving cognitive behavioral therapy treatment in an inpatient setting. Self-esteem measures were administered before treatment. The development of depression symptoms during treatment and at the 4-month follow-up was measured on the Beck Depression Inventory. Implicit and explicit self-esteem did not predict the course of the therapy. Patients with congruent self-esteem, however, improved faster and showed lower severity of symptoms throughout treatment. In contrast, neither explicit nor implicit self-esteem nor self-esteem consistency predicted the stability of effects after treatment. Practical implications such as targeting discrepancies in self-esteem during treatment are discussed.
先前关于自尊和抑郁的研究表明，内隐自尊和外显自尊以及它们的一致性（也称为自尊一致性）在预测未来的抑郁症状方面都很有用。高自尊一致性描述了内隐自尊和外显自尊相匹配的情况（例如，两者都高或都低）。在本研究中，我们探讨了内隐自尊和外显自尊以及自尊一致性是否可以预测认知行为抑郁治疗的疗效。外显自尊通过罗森伯格自尊量表进行评估，内隐自尊通过启动任务进行评估。参与者是 31 名患有重度或复发性抑郁症的患者，他们在住院环境中接受认知行为治疗。在治疗前进行自尊测量。在治疗期间和 4 个月的随访期间，使用贝克抑郁量表测量抑郁症状的发展。内隐和外显自尊都不能预测治疗过程。然而，具有一致自尊的患者在治疗过程中恢复得更快，症状严重程度也更低。相比之下，无论是外显自尊还是内隐自尊，还是自尊一致性都不能预测治疗后的效果稳定性。讨论了治疗过程中针对自尊差异的实际意义等问题。
