Smith Richard H, Kim Sung Hee, Parrott W Gerrod
Boston University.
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 1988 Jun;14(2):401-409. doi: 10.1177/0146167288142017.
Although traditional scholarly views suggest that envy and jealousy produce distinct affective experiences, empirical work is contradictory. The present study treated this problem from both semantic and experiential perspectives. First, subjects described situations in which they had felt strong envy and strong jealousy. These descriptions were coded for whether they conformed to traditional definitions of the two emotions. The results demonstrated that although the words envy and jealousy have overlapping meanings, the source of this overlap is the broad meaning of the word jealousy. Whereas the word jealousy may denote either jealousy (romantic jealousy, most commonly) or envy, the word envy will tend to be used in one sense alone, as a social-comparison-based emotion. In the second part of the study, subjects indicated for a series of affective states whether each was more characteristic of strong envy or strong jealousy. The results suggested that each emotion is associated with a differing profile of feelings. Reasons for the discrepancy between these results and previous empirical work are discussed.
尽管传统学术观点认为嫉妒和猜忌会产生不同的情感体验，但实证研究结果却相互矛盾。本研究从语义和体验两个角度探讨了这个问题。首先，让受试者描述他们产生强烈嫉妒和强烈猜忌的情境。这些描述根据是否符合这两种情绪的传统定义进行编码。结果表明，虽然“嫉妒”和“猜忌”这两个词有重叠的含义，但这种重叠的根源在于“猜忌”一词的宽泛含义。“猜忌”一词既可以表示猜忌（最常见的是浪漫猜忌），也可以表示嫉妒，而“嫉妒”一词往往只在一种意义上使用，即作为一种基于社会比较的情绪。在研究的第二部分，受试者针对一系列情感状态指出每种状态更符合强烈嫉妒还是强烈猜忌的特征。结果表明，每种情绪都与不同的情感特征相关。文中讨论了这些结果与先前实证研究结果存在差异的原因。
