Parrott W G, Smith R H
Department of Psychology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1993 Jun;64(6):906-20. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.64.6.906.
This article describes the nature and significance of the distinction between the emotions of envy and jealousy and reports 2 experiments that empirically investigated it. In Experiment 1, Ss recalled a personal experience of either envy or jealousy. In Experiment 2, Ss read 1 of a set of stories in which circumstances producing envy and jealousy were manipulated independently in a factorial design. Both experiments introduced new methodologies to enhance their sensitivity, and both revealed qualitative differences between the 2 emotions. Envy was characterized by feelings of inferiority, longing, resentment, and disapproval of the emotion. Jealousy was characterized by fear of loss, distrust, anxiety, and anger. The practical importance of this distinction, the reasons for its confusion, and general issues regarding the empirical differentiation of emotions are discussed.
本文描述了嫉妒和猜忌这两种情绪之间区别的本质及意义，并报告了两项对其进行实证研究的实验。在实验1中，被试回忆了一段嫉妒或猜忌的个人经历。在实验2中，被试阅读了一组故事中的一个，这些故事中产生嫉妒和猜忌的情境在析因设计中被独立操纵。两项实验都引入了新方法以提高其敏感性，且都揭示了这两种情绪之间的质的差异。嫉妒的特征是自卑感、渴望、怨恨以及对这种情绪的不认同。猜忌的特征是对失去的恐惧、不信任、焦虑和愤怒。文中讨论了这种区别的实际重要性、其被混淆的原因以及关于情绪实证区分的一般问题。
