Department of Entomology, Cornell AgriTech, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, USA.
Cornell Cooperative Extension, Cornell Vegetable Program, Albion, NY, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2019 Feb;75(2):515-526. doi: 10.1002/ps.5150. Epub 2018 Sep 19.
Insecticide resistance management (IRM) practices that improve the sustainability of agricultural production systems are developed, but few studies address the challenges with their implementation and success rates of adoption. This study examined the effectiveness of a voluntary, extension-based program to increase grower adoption of IRM practices for onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) in onion. The program sought to increase the use of two important IRM practices: rotating classes of insecticides during the growing season and applying insecticides following an action threshold.
Onion growers (n = 17) increased their adoption of both IRM practices over the 3-year study. Growers increased use of insecticide class rotation from 76% to 100% and use of the action threshold for determining whether to apply insecticides from 57% to 82%. Growers who always used action thresholds successfully controlled onion thrips infestations, applied significantly fewer insecticide applications (one to four fewer applications) and spent $148/ha less on insecticides compared with growers who rarely used the action threshold. Growers who regularly used action thresholds and rotated insecticide classes did so because they were primarily concerned about insecticide resistance development in thrips populations.
Implementation of the IRM education program was successful, as adoption rates of both practices increased within 3 years. Growers were surprisingly most receptive to adopting these practices to mitigate insecticide resistance as opposed to saving money. Developing extension-based programs that involve regular and interactive meetings with growers may significantly increase the adoption of IRM and related integrated pest management tactics. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
已开发出改善农业生产系统可持续性的杀虫剂耐药管理（IRM）实践，但很少有研究涉及实施这些实践所面临的挑战和采用这些实践的成功率。本研究考察了一个基于自愿参与的扩展项目，该项目旨在增加洋葱蓟马（Thrips tabaci）在洋葱中采用 IRM 实践的效果。该项目旨在增加两种重要 IRM 实践的应用：在生长季节轮换杀虫剂类别和在行动阈值后使用杀虫剂。
洋葱种植者（n=17）在 3 年的研究中增加了对这两种 IRM 实践的采用。种植者增加了对杀虫剂类别轮换的使用，从 76%增加到 100%，并增加了使用行动阈值来确定是否使用杀虫剂，从 57%增加到 82%。始终使用行动阈值的种植者成功控制了洋葱蓟马的侵扰，应用的杀虫剂应用数量显著减少（少 1-4 次应用），与很少使用行动阈值的种植者相比，在杀虫剂上的花费减少了 148 美元/公顷。经常使用行动阈值和轮换杀虫剂类别的种植者这样做是因为他们主要关注的是蓟马种群中杀虫剂耐药性的发展。
IRM 教育计划的实施是成功的，因为这两种实践的采用率在 3 年内都有所增加。令种植者感到惊讶的是，他们最愿意采用这些实践来减轻杀虫剂的耐药性，而不是为了省钱。开发基于扩展的计划，包括与种植者定期和互动的会议，可能会显著增加 IRM 及相关综合病虫害管理策略的采用。 © 2018 化学工业协会。
