Provenzano S, Santangelo O E, Lanza G L M, Raia D D, Alagna E, Firenze A
Department of Science for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Ann Ig. 2018 Sep-Oct;30(5):436-442. doi: 10.7416/ai.2018.2244.
On the day of a workshop (named "Vaccino Day") on vaccinations, organized for the students of the University of Palermo by the ERSU (Regional Office for the Right to University Study), the sample of students were given a questionnaire to fill out. The aim of the survey was to investigate the perception of vaccinations on a sample population made up of university students.
A self-administered paper questionnaire was given to participants of the workshop. The questionnaire is divided into 3 parts: demographic, economic and habits informations have been asked in the first part; in the second part, they had to answer the question: "What term do you associate with vaccination?"; in the third part, they were posed the question: "Have you ever had any adverse reactions after being vaccinated?". Therefore, the percentage response frequencies and the statistically significant Odds-Ratio (aOR) are presented with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Statistical analysis was performed using the STATA® 14 software.
A total of 350 students were asked to participate and the response rate was 100%, the 61.43% of the interviewed population was made up of females. Taking into account the dependent variable: "at least a moderate-severe adverse reaction after a vaccination" the statistically significant independent variables associated are "Have fear of side effects" (aOR 7.06, 95% CI 1.73-28.57, p=0.006), "I associate the term "vaccination" to Needles/syringes" (aOR 3.82, 95% CI 1.08-13.48, p=0.037), "I associate the term "vaccination" to Protection" (aOR 3.50, 95% CI 1.02-11.98, p=0.046).
Vaccination is still influenced by emotional factors and lack of campaigns providing adequate information, therefore negative judgement tend to outweigh the real risks and benefits. Considering that the sample was composed of university students, being highly educated and capable of becoming opinion leaders in the future, there is a need to create a more efficient communication protocol that make the student, and then the citizen, better aware of the actual risks associated with vaccinations and their real benefits.
在由地区大学学习权利办公室（ERSU）为巴勒莫大学学生组织的一场关于疫苗接种的研讨会（名为“疫苗日”）当天，向学生样本发放了一份问卷让他们填写。该调查的目的是在由大学生组成的样本群体中调查对接种疫苗的认知情况。
向研讨会参与者发放了一份自行填写的纸质问卷。问卷分为三个部分：第一部分询问了人口统计学、经济和习惯信息；在第二部分，他们必须回答问题：“你将哪个词与疫苗接种联系在一起？”；在第三部分，向他们提出问题：“你接种疫苗后是否有过任何不良反应？”。因此，呈现了百分比应答频率以及具有相应95%置信区间（CI）的统计学显著优势比（aOR）。使用STATA® 14软件进行统计分析。
共邀请350名学生参与，应答率为100%，受访人群中61.43%为女性。考虑因变量“接种疫苗后至少有中度至重度不良反应”，与之相关的具有统计学显著性的自变量为“害怕副作用”（aOR 7.06，95% CI 1.73 - 28.57，p = 0.006），“我将‘疫苗接种’一词与针头/注射器联系在一起”（aOR 3.82，95% CI 1.08 - 13.48，p = 0.037），“我将‘疫苗接种’一词与保护联系在一起”（aOR 3.50，95% CI 1.02 - 11.98，p = 0.046）。
疫苗接种仍然受到情感因素和缺乏提供充分信息的宣传活动的影响，因此负面判断往往超过实际风险和益处。鉴于样本由大学生组成，他们受过高等教育且未来有能力成为意见领袖，有必要创建一个更有效的沟通方案，使学生进而使公民更好地了解与疫苗接种相关的实际风险及其真正益处。
