Social Policy Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
Social Policy Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
Int J Drug Policy. 2019 Jun;68:117-123. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2018.07.009. Epub 2018 Jul 29.
Policy concern with families has led to the framing of 'good parenting' as a skill set that parents must acquire while 'poor parenting' is linked to a raft of social problems, including child maltreatment. A range of professionals are responsible for monitoring parents for evidence of 'poor parenting', and for reporting those parents to statutory child protection authorities. Little is known about how parents in vulnerable circumstances negotiate these dual pressures of 'good parenting' and surveillance.
Eight parents who use drugs were interviewed about raising children well. The data is drawn from a project that used a positive deviance approach to understand the practices and norms that contribute to positive child outcomes in communities where positive outcomes are unexpected or statistically anomalous.
Parents use a range of strategies to minimise risk of harm from drug use. Participants resist negative stereotypes that portray their parenting primarily in terms of risk; and in contrast to previous research, describe feelings of guilt but not shame. Systemic barriers to safe environments include the nature of illicit drug markets and the surveillance and policing responsibilities of service agencies.
The findings contribute to an understanding of safe and competent parenting by parents who use drugs and highlight how drug laws and fear of intervention can work against the creation of safe family environments.
对家庭的政策关注导致将“良好育儿”构造成父母必须掌握的一套技能，而“不良育儿”则与一系列社会问题相关联，包括儿童虐待。许多专业人士负责监测父母是否存在“不良育儿”的迹象，并向法定儿童保护机构报告这些父母。对于处于弱势处境的父母如何应对“良好育儿”和监管的双重压力，我们知之甚少。
我们采访了 8 位吸毒的父母，了解他们如何将孩子养育好。这些数据取自一个项目，该项目采用积极偏差方法来了解在积极结果出乎意料或在统计上异常的社区中，有助于儿童积极结果的实践和规范。
父母使用各种策略将药物使用造成的伤害风险最小化。参与者抵制将他们的育儿主要描述为风险的负面刻板印象；与之前的研究不同，他们描述了内疚感而不是羞耻感。不安全环境的系统障碍包括非法毒品市场的性质以及服务机构的监管和执法责任。
这些发现有助于了解吸毒父母的安全和有能力的育儿方式，并强调了禁毒法律和对干预的恐惧如何可能不利于创造安全的家庭环境。
