Taylor Julie, Lauder William, Moy Maxine, Corlett Jo
School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
J Clin Nurs. 2009 Apr;18(8):1180-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02661.x.
The aim of this study was to measure health visitors' professional judgements on 'good enough' parenting and identify what factors and combinations of these are important when making such judgements.
The relationship between parenting and child health is unclear. Whilst agreement exists that 'good enough' parenting requires boundary setting, consistency and putting the child's needs first, attempting to define 'good enough' parenting in precise terms is complex. When faced with a complex situation, practitioners rely on relatively few factors to form judgements.
Factorial survey methods were employed using vignette techniques.
Vignettes were constructed using previous research on those variables, which may influence nurses' judgements, for example, accommodation and child dentition. The level of factors was randomly varied. Two thousand vignettes were administered to a sample of 200 health visitors in two Health Boards who then made a judgement about this scenario.
Data were analysed through multiple regression with dummy variables and one-way analysis of variance. Regression equations for both good enough mothering and good enough parenting are reported.
The models used are significant predictors of parenting and mothering. Significant predictors on health visitor judgements' were boundary setting in sleep behaviours, type of housing inhabited and health behaviours. Although parenting and mothering are often conflated, health visitors appear to separate these aspects when making judgements based on type of housing.
Most professionals can articulate what makes a 'good' parent, equally they may have strong views regarding what constitutes 'poor' parenting. The difficulty is in determining when parenting is 'good enough' to provide a child with a nurturing environment.
This study suggests that practitioners move their thresholds of what is 'good enough' depending on a narrow range of factors. Awareness of the factors, which influence individuals' judgements is important in safeguarding children.
本研究旨在衡量健康访视员对“足够好”育儿方式的专业判断，并确定在做出此类判断时哪些因素及其组合是重要的。
育儿与儿童健康之间的关系尚不清楚。虽然人们一致认为“足够好”的育儿方式需要设定界限、保持一致并将孩子的需求放在首位，但试图用精确的术语定义“足够好”的育儿方式是复杂的。面对复杂情况时，从业者依赖相对较少的因素来形成判断。
采用因子调查方法并运用 vignette 技术。
根据先前对可能影响护士判断的变量（例如住房条件和儿童牙列情况）的研究构建 vignette。因素水平随机变化。向两个健康委员会的 200 名健康访视员样本发放了 2000 个 vignette，然后他们对该情景做出判断。
通过带有虚拟变量的多元回归和单因素方差分析对数据进行分析。报告了足够好的母亲养育方式和足够好的育儿方式的回归方程。
所使用的模型是育儿和母亲养育方式的重要预测指标。对健康访视员判断有显著影响的预测指标包括睡眠行为中的界限设定、居住房屋类型和健康行为。尽管育儿和母亲养育方式常常被混为一谈，但健康访视员在根据住房类型做出判断时似乎会区分这些方面。
大多数专业人员能够阐明什么样的父母是“好”父母，同样，他们对于什么样的育儿方式是“差”的也可能有强烈的看法。困难在于确定育儿方式何时“足够好”，能够为孩子提供一个滋养的环境。
本研究表明，从业者会根据一系列有限的因素来调整他们对“足够好”的标准。了解影响个人判断的因素对于保护儿童很重要。
