Department of Psychology, University of Southern California.
Department of Preventive Medicine.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2018 Oct;127(7):683-694. doi: 10.1037/abn0000367. Epub 2018 Aug 2.
African Americans are subject to health disparities in smoking and chronic pain. Given that nicotine has analgesic properties, increases in acute pain may be an expression of the tobacco abstinence syndrome, particularly among African American smokers with chronic pain. This report is a secondary analysis of data from an ongoing study of individual differences in laboratory-derived tobacco abstinence phenotypes in African American smokers. We tested whether overnight smoking abstinence increased acute pain and whether abstinence-induced changes in acute pain were correlated with other expressions of tobacco abstinence and amplified among smokers with chronic pain. African American smokers (N = 214; 10+ cig/day) attended a baseline visit (when chronic pain was reported), and two counterbalanced experimental sessions (ad libitum smoking vs. 16-hr smoking abstinence). At both experimental sessions, measures of self-reported acute pain and other tobacco abstinence symptoms were administered. Smoking abstinence significantly increased acute pain (d = .17, p = .01). Correlations between abstinence-induced changes in acute pain and abstinence-induced changes in negative affect, r = .15, p = .02, smoking urges, r = .13, p = .05, and composite nicotine withdrawal symptoms, r = .13, p = .06, were small and nonsignificant after correction for multiple tests, indicating that phenotypic variation in abstinence-provoked changes in acute pain and other tobacco abstinence expressions were largely independent. Baseline levels of chronic pain predicted greater abstinence-induced pain amplification at experimental sessions (βs = .29-.31; ps < .001). Acute pain is greater following overnight tobacco abstinence (vs. satiation) among African American smokers, predominantly among those with chronic pain. Addressing pain in tobacco addiction science, treatment, and health equity programming warrants consideration. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
非裔美国人在吸烟和慢性疼痛方面存在健康差异。鉴于尼古丁具有镇痛特性，急性疼痛的增加可能是戒烟综合征的表现，尤其是在有慢性疼痛的非裔美国烟民中。本报告是对正在进行的非裔美国烟民实验室衍生戒烟表型个体差异研究数据的二次分析。我们检验了一夜戒烟是否会增加急性疼痛，以及急性疼痛的戒断变化是否与其他戒烟表现相关，并且在有慢性疼痛的烟民中是否会放大。214 名非裔美国烟民（每天吸烟 10 支以上）参加了基线访视（报告慢性疼痛时）和两个平衡的实验访视（随意吸烟与 16 小时戒烟）。在两个实验访视中，均测量了自我报告的急性疼痛和其他戒烟症状。戒烟显著增加了急性疼痛（d =.17，p =.01）。戒断引起的急性疼痛变化与戒断引起的负性情绪变化之间的相关性，r =.15，p =.02，吸烟冲动，r =.13，p =.05，以及综合尼古丁戒断症状，r =.13，p =.06，在进行多次检验校正后较小且不显著，表明急性疼痛和其他戒烟表现的戒断引起的表型变化之间的个体差异主要是独立的。慢性疼痛的基线水平预测了实验访视中更大的戒断引起的疼痛放大（βs =.29-.31；p <.001）。在非裔美国烟民中，一夜之间戒烟（与满足感相比）后急性疼痛更大，主要是在有慢性疼痛的烟民中。在烟草成瘾科学、治疗和健康公平计划中考虑疼痛问题是值得的。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2018 APA，保留所有权利）。
