Entomología Médica, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia La Rioja, UNLAR, SEGEMAR, UNCa, CONICET, Anillaco, La Rioja, Argentina.
Universidad Nacional de La Rioja, La Rioja, Argentina.
PLoS One. 2018 Aug 2;13(8):e0201391. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201391. eCollection 2018.
Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) is a vector of the Trypanosoma cruzi parasite, causative agent of Chagas disease. During the last decade, vector control activities have been systematically carried out in northwestern Argentina, an endemic region for this disease. The general aim of this study to evaluate was spatio-temporal variation of infestation by T. infestans in rural communities of Los Llanos in La Rioja province. We estimated house infestation using two sampling methods: passive and active. Passive collection was conducted with community participation collecting triatomines. Six passive collections were carried out in 397 houses during the warm season between 2014 and 2017. Active collection of T. infestans was thoroughly performed by trained staff for 60 minutes and was carried out once in March 2016. The estimate of intradomestic infestation did not show significant differences between both collection methods (p = 0.39). However, passive collection method had lower sensitivity than active collection method for the estimation of peridomestic infestation and intradomestic colonization (PDI: p< 0.01; ID colonization: p< 0.01). The results obtained with passive collection methods showed that the infestation in the study area was spatially heterogeneous and temporally variable. Intradomiciliary infestation decreased over time (14.4% to 7.9%, p<0.05) although the effect of the chemical treatment application was not associated with the infestation level of T. infestans (p = 0.15) and the Departments had a different response each year (p<0.01). A high infestation cluster was located in the south of our study area during 2016-2017. The vector presence in the houses confirms the importance of to improve entomological surveillance programs. The search for triatomines carried out by the inhabitants might be a useful method to complement the activities of vector control programs in isolated and rural areas.
布氏田鳖（半翅目：红蝽科）是克氏锥虫的传播媒介，克氏锥虫是造成恰加斯病的病原体。在过去的十年中，阿根廷西北部的这一疾病流行地区有系统地开展了病媒控制活动。本研究的总体目的是评估拉里奥哈省洛斯利亚诺斯农村社区中布氏田鳖的感染程度的时空变化。我们使用两种抽样方法估计房屋感染情况：被动抽样和主动抽样。被动收集是通过社区参与收集三带喙库蚊进行的。2014 年至 2017 年温暖季节期间，在 397 所房屋中进行了六次被动收集。2016 年 3 月，由经过培训的工作人员彻底进行了主动采集 T. infestans，持续 60 分钟。两种收集方法的家庭内感染估计没有显著差异（p = 0.39）。然而，被动收集方法对于评估家庭周围感染和家庭内定殖的敏感性低于主动收集方法（PDI：p<0.01；ID 定殖：p<0.01）。被动收集方法获得的结果表明，研究区域的感染呈空间异质性和时间可变性。家庭内感染随时间减少（从 14.4%降至 7.9%，p<0.05），尽管化学处理应用的效果与 T. infestans 的感染水平无关（p = 0.15），并且各部门每年的反应不同（p<0.01）。在 2016-2017 年期间，我们研究区域的南部有一个高度感染的集群。房屋内的病媒存在证实了改善昆虫学监测计划的重要性。居民进行的三带喙库蚊搜索可能是补充隔离和农村地区病媒控制计划活动的有用方法。
