Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Personnel Management, Work and Organizational Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
J Pers. 2019 Jun;87(3):702-714. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12427. Epub 2018 Sep 4.
Burnout has primarily been examined from an individual's perspective without taking the broader environmental context into account. The authors applied an integrative, multilevel perspective and investigated the influence of leaders' motivational strivings on employee burnout. In two multisource studies, we investigated relationships between leaders' achievement goals and employee burnout while controlling for employees' own achievement goals.
Study 1 consisted of 362 members and 72 leaders of the corresponding working groups. Study 2 consisted of 177 employees and 46 leaders of the corresponding working groups, and measurements were spaced apart in time. We also ran a model including the data of both Study 1 and Study 2.
Multilevel analyses indicated that leaders' mastery-approach goals were negatively related to employee burnout above and beyond employees' own achievement goals. Leaders' performance-approach goals were positively related to employee burnout in Study 1 and in the overall analysis combining Study 1 and Study 2.
We advance our understanding of the motivational etiology of burnout by examining the top-down effects of leaders' achievement goals on employee burnout over and above employees' own achievement goals. In order to reduce burnout, organizations should take leaders' achievement goals into account as an important contextual factor.
burnout 主要从个体的角度进行研究,而没有考虑更广泛的环境背景。作者采用了综合的、多层次的视角,研究了领导者的激励努力对员工 burnout 的影响。在两项多源研究中,我们调查了领导者的成就目标与员工 burnout 之间的关系,同时控制了员工自身的成就目标。
研究 1 包括 362 名成员和 72 名相应工作团队的领导者。研究 2 由 177 名员工和 46 名相应工作团队的领导者组成,测量时间间隔较长。我们还运行了一个包括研究 1 和研究 2 数据的模型。
多层次分析表明,领导者的掌握-趋近目标与员工 burnout 呈负相关,超过了员工自身的成就目标。领导者的表现-趋近目标与员工 burnout 在研究 1 中以及在综合研究 1 和研究 2 的整体分析中呈正相关。
我们通过考察领导者的成就目标对员工 burnout 的自上而下的影响,超越了员工自身的成就目标,从而加深了对 burnout 的动机起源的理解。为了减少 burnout,组织应该将领导者的成就目标作为一个重要的环境因素加以考虑。