Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2019 Mar 1;14(3):310-316. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2018-0473. Epub 2019 Jan 9.
To determine if transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) could be effective for the enhancement of swimming performance or mood state in elite athletes.
Eight male elite triathletes (age = 20 [2] y, maximal oxygen uptake = 71 [4] mL·kg·min) participated in this crossover, counterbalanced, sham-controlled, double-blind study. Participants received either actual (20 min of anodal stimulation of the motor cortex at 2 mA) or sham tDCS and performed an 800-m swimming test in which rating of perceived exertion and blood lactate response were measured. Mood state (Brunel Mood Scale) was assessed before and after each tDCS session and after the swimming test. Heart-rate variability and central nervous system readiness were assessed before and after each tDCS session. The chances of finding differences between conditions were determined using magnitude-based inferences.
A significant and very likely higher Brunel Mood Scale-determined vigor self-perception was found with actual tDCS after the stimulation session (-0.1 [1.2] and 2.0 [2.3] for sham and actual tDCS, respectively; P = .018, effect size = 1.14) and after exercise (-4.1 [2.9] and -0.9 [3.6] for sham and actual tDCS, respectively; P = .022, effect size = 0.98). However, likely trivial and nonsignificant (P > .05) differences were found between conditions in performance (599 [38] s and 596 [39] s, respectively). Unclear and nonsignificant differences were observed between conditions for the rest of the study end points.
tDCS elicited a marked increase in vigor self-perception that was maintained after exercise but failed to improve swimming performance in elite triathletes.
确定经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）是否可有效提高精英运动员的游泳表现或情绪状态。
8 名男性精英铁人三项运动员（年龄=20[2]岁，最大摄氧量=71[4]mL·kg·min）参与了这项交叉、对照、假刺激对照、双盲研究。参与者接受了真实（20 分钟的运动皮质阳极刺激，电流强度为 2 mA）或假 tDCS，并进行了 800 米游泳测试，测量了感知运动强度和血乳酸反应。在每次 tDCS 前后以及游泳测试后评估了情绪状态（Brunel 情绪量表）。在每次 tDCS 前后评估了心率变异性和中枢神经系统准备状态。使用基于幅度的推断确定了在不同条件下发现差异的可能性。
在刺激后，真实 tDCS 组的 Brunel 情绪量表测定的活力自我感知显著提高（假刺激和真实 tDCS 组分别为-0.1[1.2]和 2.0[2.3]；P=0.018，效应量=1.14），在运动后也显著提高（假刺激和真实 tDCS 组分别为-4.1[2.9]和-0.9[3.6]；P=0.022，效应量=0.98）。然而，在性能方面，观察到的条件之间可能存在轻微但无统计学意义的差异（分别为 599[38]s 和 596[39]s）（P>0.05）。在研究的其余终点中，观察到条件之间存在不明确且无统计学意义的差异。
tDCS 引起活力自我感知明显增加，这种增加在运动后仍能维持，但未能提高精英铁人三项运动员的游泳表现。
