Yang Ying, Feng Zhi, Luo Yu-Hang, Chen Jue-Miao, Zhang Yu, Liao Yi-Jun, Jiang Hui, Long Yinxi, Wei Bo
Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical, Department of Special Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hengyang Hospital of Hunan Normal University & Hengyang Central Hospital, Hengyang, 421001, China.
Aging Dis. 2024 Jun 27;16(3):1302-1315. doi: 10.14336/AD.2024.0567.
Fatigue, commonly experienced in daily life, is a feeling of extreme tiredness, shortage or lack of energy, exhaustion, and difficulty in performing voluntary tasks. Central fatigue, defined as a progressive failure to voluntarily activate the muscle, is typically linked to moderate- or light-intensity exercise. However, in some instances, high-intensity exercise can also trigger the onset of central fatigue. Exercise-induced central fatigue often precedes the decline in physical performance in well-trained athletes. This leads to a reduction in nerve impulses, decreased neuronal excitability, and an imbalance in brain homeostasis, all of which can adversely impact an athlete's performance and the longevity of their sports career. Therefore, implementing strategies to delay the onset of exercise-induced central fatigue is vital for enhancing athletic performance and safeguarding athletes from the debilitating effects of fatigue. In this review, we discuss the structural basis, measurement methods, and biomarkers of exercise-induced central fatigue. Furthermore, we propose non-pharmacological interventions to mitigate its effects, which can potentially foster improvements in athletes' performances in a healthful and sustainable manner.
疲劳在日常生活中很常见，是一种极度疲惫、精力不足或缺乏、精疲力竭以及难以执行自愿任务的感觉。中枢性疲劳被定义为自愿激活肌肉的渐进性失败，通常与中等强度或低强度运动有关。然而，在某些情况下，高强度运动也会引发中枢性疲劳的发作。运动诱导的中枢性疲劳通常先于训练有素的运动员体能下降出现。这会导致神经冲动减少、神经元兴奋性降低以及脑内稳态失衡，所有这些都会对运动员的表现及其运动生涯的长久性产生不利影响。因此，实施策略来延迟运动诱导的中枢性疲劳的发作对于提高运动成绩和保护运动员免受疲劳的削弱作用至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了运动诱导的中枢性疲劳的结构基础、测量方法和生物标志物。此外，我们提出了非药物干预措施来减轻其影响，这有可能以健康和可持续的方式促进运动员成绩的提高。
