Lin Tong, Dong Shengqi, Zhen Jie, Huang Xiaochen, Yuan Linhong
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2018 May;47(3):378-383.
To evaluate the diet quality of the Chinese elderly using adjusted Chinese Diet Balance Index( DBI-07) and to explore the association between dietary patterns and blood glucose and lipid with the aiming to provide scientific basis and theoretical support for nutrition education intervention.
A total of 1158 participants aged 50-90 involved in this cross-sectional study. The subjects were randomly recruited from Nanyuan Community and Wulituo Community by posting small advertisements in 2013-2015. Questionnaires were used to collect the information of demographic characters. Food intake information was collected by food frequency questionnaire( FFQ) method, and the dietary quality was evaluated by DBI-07 scoring and evaluating system. Peripheral vein blood samples were collected for the measurement of general biochemical parameters.
The overall dietary pattern of the aging adults was imbalance. The major problem of the elderly was insufficient intakes in vegetables, fruits, milk, soybean and animal derived food. There was significant difference in blood glucose and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels between the subjects with different dietary patterns( P < 0. 05).
Imbalanced dietary pattern was detected of the elderly in Beijing. Balanced dietary pattern which is rich in vegetables & fruits, milk, soybean and moderate animal derived foods should be recommended to the elderly.
采用调整后的中国膳食平衡指数（DBI-07）评估中国老年人的饮食质量，并探讨饮食模式与血糖和血脂之间的关联，旨在为营养教育干预提供科学依据和理论支持。
本横断面研究共纳入1158名年龄在50 - 90岁的参与者。2013 - 2015年通过张贴小广告从南苑社区和五里坨社区随机招募研究对象。采用问卷调查收集人口学特征信息。通过食物频率问卷（FFQ）法收集食物摄入信息，并采用DBI-07评分评估系统评估膳食质量。采集外周静脉血样本检测一般生化指标。
老年人总体饮食模式不均衡。老年人的主要问题是蔬菜、水果、牛奶、大豆及动物性食物摄入不足。不同饮食模式的研究对象血糖和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平存在显著差异（P < 0.05）。
北京老年人存在饮食模式不均衡的情况。应建议老年人采用富含蔬菜、水果、牛奶、大豆且适量摄入动物性食物的均衡饮食模式。
