Abdolmaleki Fereshte, Farahani Najmeh, Gheibi Hayat Seyed Mohammad, Pirro Matteo, Bianconi Vanessa, Barreto George E, Sahebkar Amirhossein
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Front Immunol. 2018 Jul 20;9:1645. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01645. eCollection 2018.
Apoptosis happens continuously for millions of cells along with the active removal of apoptotic debris in order to maintain tissue homeostasis. In this respect, efferocytosis, i.e., the process of dead cell clearance, is orchestrated through cell exposure of a set of "find me," "eat me," and "tolerate me" signals facilitating the engulfment of dying cells through phagocytosis by macrophages and dendritic cells. The clearance of dead cells phagocytes is of utmost importance to maintain the immune system tolerance to self-antigens. Accordingly, this biological activity prevents the release of autoantigens by dead cells, thus potentially suppressing the undesirable autoreactivity of immune cells and the appearance of inflammatory autoimmune disorders as systemic lupus erythematous and rheumatoid arthritis. In the present study, the apoptosis pathways and their immune regulation were reviewed. Moreover, efferocytosis process and its impairment in association with some autoimmune diseases were discussed.
数以百万计的细胞不断发生凋亡，同时凋亡碎片被积极清除，以维持组织稳态。在这方面，胞葬作用，即死细胞清除过程，是通过一组“找到我”“吃掉我”和“容忍我”信号的细胞暴露来协调的，这些信号促进巨噬细胞和树突状细胞通过吞噬作用吞噬垂死细胞。吞噬细胞清除死细胞对于维持免疫系统对自身抗原的耐受性至关重要。因此，这种生物活性可防止死细胞释放自身抗原，从而潜在地抑制免疫细胞不期望的自身反应性以及炎症性自身免疫疾病如系统性红斑狼疮和类风湿性关节炎的出现。在本研究中，对凋亡途径及其免疫调节进行了综述。此外，还讨论了胞葬作用过程及其与某些自身免疫性疾病相关的损伤。
