Karav Sercan, Salcedo Jaime, Frese Steven A, Barile Daniela
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Canakkale Turkey.
Department of Food Science and Technology University of California Davis CA USA.
FEBS Open Bio. 2018 Jul 16;8(8):1219-1229. doi: 10.1002/2211-5463.12460. eCollection 2018 Aug.
The Thoroughbred is among the most valuable horse breeds, and its husbandry is a major industry. Mare's milk plays a major role in the health of neonatal foals. Although the main components of mare's milk are broadly characterized, free oligosaccharides (OS), which possess various bioactivities in many mammalian milks, have not been fully profiled in Thoroughbreds. The aim of this study was to identify and quantify OS in Thoroughbred mare's milk during the first week of lactation, when foals typically consume mare's milk exclusively. A total of 48 OS structures (including isomers and anomers), corresponding to 20 unique compositions, were identified by nano LC-Chip QToF-MS and confirmed by tandem mass spectrometry. Neutral OS were the most abundant glycans (58.3%), followed by acidic OS containing Neu5Ac (33.3%), a minor presence of fucosylated OS structures (6.25%) and one structure containing NeuGc (2.1%). Comparison with other well-characterized mammalian milks revealed that mare's milk shared 8 OS structures with human, bovine, pig and goat milk (i.e., 2 sialyllactose isomers, 3 hexose, LNH, LNT, and OS with the composition 3 Hex-1 Neu5Ac). Additionally, there were seven unique OS not previously found in other mammal milks. During the first 7 days of lactation, the percentage of neutral and fucosylated OS increased, whereas acidic OS decreased and the total OS concentration ranged from 217.8 mg·L to 79.8 mg·L.
纯种马是最有价值的马种之一，其饲养是一项主要产业。母马的乳汁对新生马驹的健康起着重要作用。虽然母马乳汁的主要成分已大致明确，但在许多哺乳动物乳汁中具有多种生物活性的游离低聚糖（OS）在纯种马中尚未得到充分分析。本研究的目的是确定和量化哺乳期第一周纯种母马乳汁中的OS，这一时期马驹通常只食用母马的乳汁。通过纳米液相色谱 - 芯片飞行时间质谱（nano LC-Chip QToF-MS）鉴定出总共48种OS结构（包括异构体和端基异构体），对应20种独特的组成，并通过串联质谱进行了确认。中性OS是最丰富的聚糖（58.3%），其次是含有Neu5Ac的酸性OS（33.3%），少量岩藻糖基化OS结构（6.25%）和一种含有NeuGc的结构（2.1%）。与其他特征明确的哺乳动物乳汁相比，发现母马乳汁与人类、牛、猪和山羊乳汁共有8种OS结构（即2种唾液酸乳糖异构体、3种己糖、LNH、LNT以及组成成分为3 Hex-1 Neu5Ac的OS）。此外，还有7种独特的OS此前未在其他哺乳动物乳汁中发现。在哺乳期的前7天，中性和岩藻糖基化OS的百分比增加，而酸性OS减少，总OS浓度范围为217.8 mg·L至79.8 mg·L。
