Skornyakov Elena, Gaddameedhi Shobhan, Paech Gemma M, Sparrow Amy R, Satterfield Brieann C, Shattuck Nita L, Layton Matthew E, Karatsoreos Ilia, VAN Dongen Hans P A
Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State University, USA.
Department of Physical Therapy, Eastern Washington University, USA.
Ind Health. 2019 Feb 5;57(1):118-132. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.2018-0044. Epub 2018 Aug 8.
Shift work leads to adverse health outcomes including increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) are measures of cardiac autonomic activity and markers of cardiovascular disease and mortality. To investigate the effects of shift work on cardiac autonomic activity, we assessed the influence of simulated night work on HR and HRV, and dissociated the direct effects of circadian misalignment from those of sleep displacement and altered physical activity patterns. A total of 29 subjects each participated in one of two in-laboratory, simulated shift work studies. In both studies, EKG was continuously monitored via Holter monitors to measure HR and the high frequency (HF) component of HRV (HF-HRV). We found endogenous circadian rhythmicity in HR and HF-HRV. Sleep and waking physical activity, both displaced during simulated night work, had more substantial, and opposite, effects on HR and HF-HRV. Our findings show systematic but complex, interacting effects of time of day, sleep/wake state, and physical activity on cardiac autonomic activity. These effects need to be taken into account when evaluating HR and HRV in shift work settings and when interpreting these measures of cardiac autonomic activity as markers of cardiovascular disease.
轮班工作会导致不良健康后果，包括心血管疾病风险增加。心率（HR）和心率变异性（HRV）是心脏自主神经活动的指标，也是心血管疾病和死亡率的标志物。为了研究轮班工作对心脏自主神经活动的影响，我们评估了模拟夜间工作对HR和HRV的影响，并将昼夜节律失调的直接影响与睡眠剥夺和身体活动模式改变的影响区分开来。共有29名受试者分别参与了两项实验室模拟轮班工作研究中的一项。在两项研究中，通过动态心电图监测仪连续监测心电图，以测量HR和HRV的高频（HF）成分（HF-HRV）。我们发现HR和HF-HRV存在内源性昼夜节律。在模拟夜间工作期间，睡眠和清醒时的身体活动均被打乱，它们对HR和HF-HRV有更显著且相反的影响。我们的研究结果表明，一天中的时间、睡眠/觉醒状态和身体活动对心脏自主神经活动具有系统性但复杂的相互作用。在轮班工作环境中评估HR和HRV以及将这些心脏自主神经活动指标解释为心血管疾病标志物时，需要考虑这些影响。
