CDW Life Science Lab, Okayama Research Park Incubation Center, 5303 Haga, Kita-ku, Okayama 701-1221, Japan; Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, Japan.
Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3114, USA.
Phytochemistry. 2018 Nov;155:100-106. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.07.006. Epub 2018 Jul 23.
The inhibitory activity of xanthine oxidase (XO) is a combination of uric acid formation inhibition and superoxide anion (O) generation suppression. The inhibition of uric acid formation by XO is useful for the screening of natural compounds that prevent gout, while the suppression of O generation is useful for treating oxidative stress. Many edible plants contain abundant phenolic compounds and alk(en)yl phenols, and some of these compounds display XO inhibitory activity. This review focuses on XO inhibitory activity since this activity is used to characterize natural products. Recently, it was demonstrated that the inhibitory activity could be characterized using assays for XO inhibition, the suppression of O generation, DPPH radical scavenging and O radical scavenging. The inhibitory activity was divided three reaction types. The first is XO inhibition, the second O generation suppression by modification of enzyme molecules and the third two forms of O- scavenging. It was demonstrated that these three activities are related to both the hydroxy group arrangement in the phenol portion and the alk(en)yl chains. This characterization is useful for pursuing XO inhibitors and antioxidants in natural compounds.
黄嘌呤氧化酶（XO）的抑制活性是尿酸形成抑制和超氧阴离子（O）生成抑制的组合。XO 对尿酸形成的抑制作用有助于筛选预防痛风的天然化合物，而 O 生成的抑制作用有助于治疗氧化应激。许多食用植物含有丰富的酚类化合物和烯基酚，其中一些化合物显示出 XO 抑制活性。本综述重点介绍 XO 抑制活性，因为该活性用于表征天然产物。最近，已经证明可以使用 XO 抑制测定、O 生成抑制、DPPH 自由基清除和 O 自由基清除来表征抑制活性。抑制活性分为三种反应类型。第一种是 XO 抑制，第二种是通过修饰酶分子来抑制 O 生成，第三种是两种形式的 O 清除。已经证明，这三种活性与酚部分的羟基排列和烯基链有关。这种表征对于在天然化合物中寻找 XO 抑制剂和抗氧化剂很有用。
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