Bartoníček Jan, Rammelt Stefan, Naňka Ondřej
Department of Orthopaedics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Central Military Hospital Prague, U Vojenské nemocnice 1200, Prague 6, 169 02, Czech Republic; Department of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, U Nemocnice 3, Prague 2, 128 00, Czech Republic.
University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, Dresden 01307, Germany.
Foot Ankle Clin. 2018 Sep;23(3):315-340. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2018.04.001. Epub 2018 Jul 4.
The subtalar joint is divided into the talocalcaneonavicular and the talocalcaneal joint, separated by a conical interosseous tunnel (canalis and sinus tarsi). The talocalcaneonavicular joint is a ball-and-socket articulation (coxa pedis). An important part of the coxa pedis is the spring ligament. The canalis and sinus tarsi are occupied by the roots of the inferior extensor retinaculum, cervical ligament, interosseous talocalcaneal ligament, and anterior talocalcaneal ligament. Three-dimensional motion in the subtalar joint complex (eversion/inversion) is guided by the axial alignment of the talus, calcaneus, and navicular; the ligaments; and the shape of the articular surfaces.
距下关节分为距跟舟关节和距跟关节，由一个锥形的骨间隧道（跗骨窦管）分隔。距跟舟关节是球窝关节（足髋关节）。足髋关节的一个重要部分是弹簧韧带。跗骨窦管内有下伸肌支持带、颈韧带、距跟骨间韧带和距跟前韧带的根部。距下关节复合体中的三维运动（外翻/内翻）由距骨、跟骨和舟骨的轴向排列、韧带以及关节面的形状引导。
