Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States.
Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States; Comprehensive Cancer Center and The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States.
Mol Immunol. 2019 Nov;115:12-20. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.07.022. Epub 2018 Aug 9.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are now recognized as important regulators of all cellular processes, including immune function and cancer survival. These evolutionary preserved, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules mediate important functional effects primarily through post-transcriptional regulation of protein expression. MiRNAs are known to mediate multiple oncogenic pathways in tumor cells, both tumor promoting and tumor suppressing. In addition to a direct tumor cell effect, miRNAs have also been shown to play a critical role in immune cell development, function and survival. Here we expand on previous reports to evaluate miRNA regulation in natural killer (NK) cells primarily in humans and focus on their influence on NK cell development and function in the setting of hematologic malignancies. In addition, we highlight the most recent miRNA discoveries in hematologic malignancies and discuss areas of future exploration relevant to the translational field of innate immunology and miRNA-based therapeutic intervention.
微 RNA（miRNAs）现在被认为是所有细胞过程的重要调节剂，包括免疫功能和癌症存活。这些进化保守的、单链的、非编码 RNA 分子主要通过对蛋白质表达的转录后调节来介导重要的功能效应。miRNAs 已知在肿瘤细胞中调节多种致癌途径，既有促进肿瘤的作用，也有抑制肿瘤的作用。除了对肿瘤细胞的直接作用外，miRNAs 还在免疫细胞的发育、功能和存活中发挥关键作用。在这里，我们扩展了以前的报告，主要在人类中评估自然杀伤（NK）细胞中的 miRNA 调节，并重点关注它们在血液恶性肿瘤中对 NK 细胞发育和功能的影响。此外，我们还强调了血液恶性肿瘤中最新的 miRNA 发现，并讨论了与先天免疫和基于 miRNA 的治疗干预的转化领域相关的未来探索领域。
