Department of Hematology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Blood Rev. 2020 Nov;44:100678. doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100678. Epub 2020 Mar 20.
NK cells have killing activity against leukemic cells and solid cancer cells that escape from T cell recognition because of the low expression level of HLA class I molecules. This characteristic feature of NK cell recognition of target cells in contrast to T cells provides a strategy to overcome tolerance in cancer and leukemia patients. A strong alloreactive NK cell-mediated anti-leukemia effect can be induced in haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Also, NK cells can be expanded by several methods for adoptive immunotherapy for hematological malignancies and other malignant diseases. We review the historical role of NK cells and recent approaches to enhance the functions of NK cells, including ex vivo expansion of autologous and allogenic NK cells, checkpoint receptor blockade, and the use of memory-like NK cells and CAR-NK cells, for treatment of hematological malignancies.
自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞对白血病细胞和实体癌细胞具有杀伤活性，这些细胞由于 HLA Ⅰ类分子表达水平低而逃避 T 细胞的识别。与 T 细胞相比，NK 细胞识别靶细胞的这一特征为克服癌症和白血病患者的耐受提供了一种策略。在单倍体造血干细胞移植中可以诱导强烈的同种异体反应性 NK 细胞介导的抗白血病效应。此外，NK 细胞可以通过几种方法进行扩增，用于血液恶性肿瘤和其他恶性疾病的过继免疫治疗。我们回顾了 NK 细胞的历史作用和最近增强 NK 细胞功能的方法，包括自体和同种异体 NK 细胞的体外扩增、检查点受体阻断以及记忆样 NK 细胞和 CAR-NK 细胞的使用，用于治疗血液恶性肿瘤。
