Forough Aida Sefidani, Lau Esther Tl, Steadman Kathryn J, Cichero Julie Ay, Kyle Greg J, Serrano Santos Jose Manuel, Nissen Lisa M
School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Patient Prefer Adherence. 2018 Jul 26;12:1337-1346. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S164406. eCollection 2018.
Solid oral dosage forms such as tablets and capsules are generally the preferred method of drug delivery due to their convenience, cost, and acceptability. However, for many people, it can be a challenge to swallow solid oral medications, even those with healthy swallowing function. This review describes current strategies available to facilitate medication administration to otherwise healthy people with pill-swallowing difficulties. In general, restoring and maintaining the ability to swallow pills whole should ideally be the first choice in managing people with pill-swallowing difficulties. A number of strategies can potentially make it easier to swallow pills whole. These include postural adjustments, using pill-swallowing aids, and teaching pill-swallowing techniques. Where these are not successful or appropriate, then other approaches have to be considered using alternative formulations/routes of administration or deprescribing. If there is no other option, and it is not directly contraindicated for each specific medication dosage form, pills may be modified and mixed in foods and drinks to aid swallowing. In conclusion, people with pill-swallowing difficulties can benefit from a number of strategies designed to facilitate swallowing medications. However, these strategies should be further evaluated with regard to the evidence relating to both their efficacy and safety.
片剂和胶囊等固体口服剂型通常是首选的给药方式，因为它们方便、成本低且易于接受。然而，对许多人来说，吞咽固体口服药物，即使是吞咽功能正常的人，也可能是一项挑战。本综述描述了目前可用于帮助吞咽困难但身体健康的人服药的策略。一般来说，恢复并保持整粒吞服药物的能力理想情况下应是管理吞咽困难人群的首选方法。有多种策略可能会使整粒吞服药物变得更容易。这些策略包括姿势调整、使用吞药辅助工具以及教授吞药技巧。如果这些方法不成功或不合适，那么就必须考虑使用替代剂型/给药途径或停用药物等其他方法。如果没有其他选择，并且对于每种特定药物剂型没有直接禁忌，可将药丸碾碎并混入食物和饮料中以帮助吞咽。总之，吞咽困难的人可以从一些旨在促进药物吞咽的策略中受益。然而，这些策略在疗效和安全性方面的证据应进一步评估。
