Tarkang Elvis Enowbeyang, Pencille Lilian Belole
School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana.
HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Network Cameroon (HIVPREC), Kumba, South-west Region, Cameroon.
Pan Afr Med J. 2018 Apr 18;29:215. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2018.29.215.15130. eCollection 2018.
A significant proportion of road construction workers are migrants and prone to HIV infection. This study investigated the psychosocial predictors of consistent condom use among migrant road construction workers in the South-west region of Cameroon using the Health Belief Model (HBM) as the theoretical framework.
A cross-sectional survey of a stratified sample of 254 road construction workers was conducted at construction sites along the Kumba-Mamfe road in the South-west region of Cameroon in December 2015. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire and binomial logistic regression was performed to test the strength of association between the independent and the dependent variables using SPSS version 20 at the level 0.05.
Only 67 (43.5%) reported consistent condom use. Perception of risk of contracting HIV was also low, 109 (42.9%). None of the constructs of the HBM was significantly associated with consistent condom use. However, perception that road construction workers are prone to HIV (perceived susceptibility) was associated with an increased likelihood of using condom consistently, OR = 2.1 (95% CI 0.72-6.12, p = 0.17); perception that consistent condom use could prevent HIV transmission (perceived benefit) was associated with an increased likelihood of using it consistently, OR = 1.9 (95% CI 0.74-4.80, p = 0.18); perception by workers that they can refuse sex with their partners if they refuse to use condoms (perceived self-efficacy) was associated with an increased likelihood of using condoms consistently, OR = 1.5 (95% CI 0.62-3.53, p = 0.38). However, the perception that condom reduces sexual pleasure (perceived barriers) was associated with a reduced likelihood of using it consistently, OR = 0.84 (95% CI 0.35-2.01, p = 0.698).
There were no significant associations between the psycho-social constructs of the HBM and consistent condom use. Therefore, interventions to increase the perception of risk of contracting HIV, which is assumed to be the immediate antecedent of consistent condom use is highly recommended.
相当一部分道路建设工人是移民，容易感染艾滋病毒。本研究以健康信念模型（HBM）为理论框架，调查了喀麦隆西南部地区移民道路建设工人中坚持使用避孕套的心理社会预测因素。
2015年12月，在喀麦隆西南部地区昆巴 - 马姆费公路沿线的建筑工地对254名道路建设工人进行分层抽样横断面调查。使用预先测试的结构化问卷收集数据，并使用SPSS 20版本在0.05水平上进行二项逻辑回归，以检验自变量和因变量之间的关联强度。
只有67人（43.5%）报告坚持使用避孕套。对感染艾滋病毒风险的认知也很低，有109人（42.9%）。健康信念模型的任何构念都与坚持使用避孕套没有显著关联。然而，认为道路建设工人容易感染艾滋病毒（感知易感性）与坚持使用避孕套的可能性增加有关，比值比（OR）= 2.1（95%置信区间0.72 - 6.12，p = 0.17）；认为坚持使用避孕套可以预防艾滋病毒传播（感知益处）与坚持使用避孕套的可能性增加有关，OR = 1.9（95%置信区间0.74 - 4.80，p = 0.18）；工人认为如果伴侣拒绝使用避孕套他们可以拒绝性行为（感知自我效能）与坚持使用避孕套的可能性增加有关，OR = 1.5（95%置信区间0.62 - 3.53，p = 0.38）。然而，认为避孕套会降低性快感（感知障碍）与坚持使用避孕套的可能性降低有关，OR = 0.84（95%置信区间0.35 - 2.01，p = 0.698）。
健康信念模型的心理社会构念与坚持使用避孕套之间没有显著关联。因此，强烈建议采取干预措施，提高对感染艾滋病毒风险的认知，而这被认为是坚持使用避孕套的直接前提。
