Scull Andrew
University of California, San Diego, USA.
Hist Psychiatry. 2018 Dec;29(4):389-408. doi: 10.1177/0957154X18793596. Epub 2018 Aug 13.
This paper examines the early origins of the shift away from institutional psychiatry in the USA. It focuses on the period between 1900 and 1950. Attention is paid to the role of neurologists and disaffected asylum doctors in the early emergence of extra-institutional practice; to the impact of the National Committee for Mental Hygiene and Thomas Salmon; to the limited role of psychoanalysis during most of this period; and to the influence of the Rockefeller Foundation's decision to focus most of its effort in the medical sciences on psychiatry.
本文探讨了美国精神病学从机构化模式转向的早期根源。它聚焦于1900年至1950年这一时期。文中关注了神经科医生和心怀不满的精神病院医生在机构外医疗实践早期出现过程中所起的作用；关注了全国心理卫生委员会和托马斯·萨尔蒙的影响；关注了这一时期大部分时间里精神分析所起的有限作用；以及洛克菲勒基金会决定将其在医学领域的大部分精力集中于精神病学所产生的影响。
