1 Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, Aarhus University, Denmark.
2 Unit for Health Promotion Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
Scand J Public Health. 2019 Jun;47(4):428-438. doi: 10.1177/1403494818787101. Epub 2018 Aug 11.
Greater area-level relative deprivation has been related to poorer health behaviours, but studies specifically on alcohol use and abuse have been equivocal. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate how area-level relative deprivation in Denmark relates to alcohol use and misuse in the country.
As individual-level data, we used the national alcohol and drug survey of 2011 ( n= 5133). Data were procured from Statistics Denmark to construct an index of relative deprivation at the parish level ( n=2119). The deprivation index has two components, which were divided into quintiles. Multilevel linear and logistic regressions analysed the influence of area deprivation on mean alcohol use and hazardous drinking, as measured by the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test.
Men who lived in parishes designated as 'very deprived' on the socioeconomic component were more likely to consume less alcohol; women who lived in parishes designated as 'deprived' on the housing component were less likely to drink hazardously. But at the individual level, education was positively related to mean alcohol consumption, and higher individual income was positively related to mean consumption for women. Higher-educated men were more likely to drink hazardously.
Area-level measures of relative deprivation were not strongly related to alcohol use, yet in the same models individual-level socioeconomic variables had a more noticeable influence. This suggests that in a stronger welfare state, the impact of area-level relative deprivation may not be as great. Further work is needed to develop more sensitive measures of relative deprivation.
更大的区域相对贫困与更差的健康行为有关，但专门针对饮酒和滥用酒精的研究结果并不一致。本研究的主要目的是调查丹麦的区域相对贫困与该国的饮酒和滥用酒精行为之间的关系。
我们使用了 2011 年全国酒精和毒品调查的数据（n=5133）作为个体水平的数据，并从丹麦统计局获取数据来构建教区层面的相对贫困指数（n=2119）。该剥夺指数有两个组成部分，分为五个五分位数。多水平线性和逻辑回归分析了区域贫困对平均饮酒量和危险饮酒的影响，危险饮酒通过酒精使用障碍识别测试来衡量。
在社会经济组成部分被指定为“非常贫困”的教区居住的男性更有可能饮酒量较少；在住房组成部分被指定为“贫困”的教区居住的女性更不可能饮酒过量。但是在个体水平上，教育与平均饮酒量呈正相关，而女性的个体收入较高与平均饮酒量呈正相关。受教育程度较高的男性更有可能饮酒过量。
区域相对贫困程度的衡量指标与饮酒行为没有很强的相关性，但在相同的模型中，个体水平的社会经济变量的影响更为明显。这表明，在福利国家更强的情况下，区域相对贫困程度的影响可能不那么大。需要进一步努力开发更敏感的相对贫困衡量指标。
