Department of Orthodontics, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy.
Department of Dentistry UNSBC, Tirana, Albania.
Eur J Orthod. 2019 May 24;41(3):258-263. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cjy055.
To assess the morphological shape variations of the palatal vault in Open Bite (OB) growing subjects when compared with a Control Group (CG) by means of Geometric Morphometric Method (GMM).
The OB Group (OBG) consisted of 75 subjects (39 females, 36 males; mean age: 8.5 ± 0.8 years) who were collected retrospectively with the following inclusion criteria: European ancestry, overbite less than 0 mm, mixed dentition stage, prepubertal skeletal maturation (CS1-CS2), hyperdivergent skeletal pattern (SN^GoGn > 37°). The OBG was compared with a CG of 46 prepubertal subjects presenting normal occlusion (24 females, 22 males; mean age of 8.3 ± 1.7 years). For each subject, lateral cephalograms and maxillary dental casts were available. Landmarks and semilandmarks were digitized on digital dental casts and GMM was applied. Procrustes analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed. OBG was divided in two subgroups: Sucking Habits Group (SHG) (39 subjects) and Non-Sucking Habits Group (NSHG) (36 subjects).
PC1 showed significant morphological changes in transverse and vertical dimensions with OBG palates higher and narrower when compared with CG. When comparing the two subgroups no statistically significant differences were found. NSHG demonstrated a slight reduction of the transverse dimension and a deeper palatal vault respect to SHG.
The limitations of this study were the division of OBG in two subgroups based on referral of thumb sucking habits without assessing the duration and the intensity of thumb sucking.
OB subjects presented with a significant constriction of the maxillary arch when compared with CG. The morphological palatal shape variations in OBG were not influenced by the presence or absence of non-nutritive sucking habits.
通过几何形态测量法（GMM）评估安氏 Ⅱ类 1 分类（高角）生长发育期患者的腭穹窿形态变化，并与对照组（CG）进行比较。
OB 组（OBG）由 75 名患者组成（39 名女性，36 名男性；平均年龄：8.5±0.8 岁），其入选标准为：欧洲血统，覆颌小于 0mm，混合牙列期，青春期前骨骼成熟度（CS1-CS2），超型（SN^GoGn＞37°）。将 OBG 与 46 名具有正常覆颌（24 名女性，22 名男性；平均年龄 8.3±1.7 岁）的 CG 进行比较。每位患者均有侧位头颅侧位片和上颌牙模。在数字牙模上标记标志点和半标志点，进行 GMM 分析。进行 Procrustes 分析和主成分分析（PCA）。将 OBG 分为两组：吸吮习惯组（SHG）（39 名患者）和非吸吮习惯组（NSHG）（36 名患者）。
PC1 显示出横向和垂直方向的形态变化，与 CG 相比，OBG 的腭穹窿更高、更窄。比较两组时，无统计学差异。与 SHG 相比，NSHG 显示出横向尺寸略有减小，腭穹窿深度增加。
本研究的局限性在于，根据拇指吸吮习惯的转介将 OBG 分为两组，但未评估拇指吸吮的持续时间和强度。
与 CG 相比，安氏 Ⅱ类 1 分类（高角）患者的上颌弓明显变窄。OBG 腭穹窿形态变化不受非营养性吸吮习惯的存在与否的影响。
