Albert-Lőrincz Eniko, Paulik Edit, Szabo Bela, Foley Kristie, Gasparik Andrea Ildiko
University Babes-Bolyai, Faculty of Sociology and Social Work, Cluj, Romania.
University of Szeged, Department of Public Health, Szeged, Hungary.
Gac Sanit. 2019 Nov-Dec;33(6):547-553. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2018.05.009. Epub 2018 Aug 11.
To identify the effect of social capital on adolescent smoking.
A stratified random sample of 1313 7th and 8th grade students from three counties in Transylvania, Romania, completed a self-administered questionnaire on smoking-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviours. The impact of social capital was measured (personal and community activities, school achievements and smoking-related knowledge). Multivariate multinomial logistic regression models were used to measure the association between social participation and smoking.
Experimenting with smoking was mostly related to knowledge about smoking, academic performance and second-hand tobacco smoke exposure at home. The strongest risk factor of adolescent smoking was the smoking behaviour of classmates: those who reported a significant proportion of smokers among their classmates were nine times more likely to smoke themselves than in other cases (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 9.05). Those who considered smoking to be harmless were 4 times more likely to be smokers than those who considered this behaviour to be dangerous (aOR: 4.28). Poor academic results increased adolescents' smoking (aOR: 3.22 and 2.66). The odds were significantly higher for smoking, if they had an active social life (aOR: 2.54). Regular church attendance proved to be a protective factor (aOR: 0.45).
Several social capital factors can play a role in adolescent smoking. The organization and the development of community activities aimed at prevention must strengthen the factors related to the community's social capital to reduce the likelihood of teenage smoking.
确定社会资本对青少年吸烟的影响。
从罗马尼亚特兰西瓦尼亚三个县抽取1313名七、八年级学生作为分层随机样本，他们完成了一份关于吸烟相关知识、态度和行为的自填式问卷。测量了社会资本的影响（个人和社区活动、学业成绩以及吸烟相关知识）。使用多变量多项逻辑回归模型来衡量社会参与与吸烟之间的关联。
尝试吸烟主要与吸烟知识、学业成绩以及家中二手烟暴露有关。青少年吸烟的最强风险因素是同学的吸烟行为：那些报告称其同学中吸烟者比例较高的人自己吸烟的可能性是其他情况的九倍（调整后的优势比[aOR]：9.05）。那些认为吸烟无害的人成为吸烟者的可能性是那些认为这种行为危险的人的四倍（aOR：4.28）。学业成绩差会增加青少年吸烟的可能性（aOR：3.22和2.66）。如果他们有活跃的社交生活，吸烟的几率会显著更高（aOR：2.54）。经常去教堂做礼拜被证明是一个保护因素（aOR：0.45）。
几个社会资本因素可能在青少年吸烟中起作用。旨在预防的社区活动的组织和开展必须强化与社区社会资本相关的因素，以降低青少年吸烟的可能性。
