Jones Stephen, Farooqi Arifa, Foulkes John, Sparkes Debbie L, Linforth Robert, Ray Rumiana V
Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Division of Food Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Front Plant Sci. 2018 Jul 31;9:1021. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01021. eCollection 2018.
Doubled haploid and elite wheat genotypes were ground inoculated in three field experiments and head spray inoculated in two glasshouse experiments, using mixed and species, to identify crop canopy and ear traits associated with Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease. In all experiments, flag leaf length and tiller number were consistently identified as the most significant canopy traits contributing to progression of FHB caused by , and . The influence of ear traits was greater for that may possess more diverse routes for transmission and spread. Consistently, spikelet density was associated with increased disease severity in the field. , and were the main mycotoxin producers and their respective toxins were significantly related to fungal biomass and number of spikelets per ear. Genotypes with lower tiller numbers, shorter flag leaves and less dense ears may be able to avoid FHB disease caused by , or species however selection for these canopy and ear architectural traits to enable disease avoidance in wheat is likely to result in a potential trade-off with grain yield and therefore only moderately advantageous in susceptible genotypes.
在三项田间试验中对双单倍体和优良小麦基因型进行磨碎接种，并在两项温室试验中进行穗部喷雾接种，使用混合的镰刀菌物种，以确定与赤霉病（FHB）相关的作物冠层和穗部性状。在所有试验中，旗叶长度和分蘖数一直被确定为导致由禾谷镰刀菌和黄色镰刀菌引起的FHB病情发展的最显著冠层性状。对于可能具有更多样化传播途径的黄色镰刀菌，穗部性状的影响更大。一致地，小穗密度与田间病情严重程度增加相关。禾谷镰刀菌、黄色镰刀菌和燕麦镰刀菌是主要的霉菌毒素产生者，它们各自的毒素与真菌生物量和每穗小穗数显著相关。分蘖数较少、旗叶较短且穗部密度较小的基因型可能能够避免由禾谷镰刀菌、黄色镰刀菌或燕麦镰刀菌物种引起的FHB病，然而选择这些冠层和穗部结构性状以实现小麦抗病可能会导致与籽粒产量的潜在权衡，因此在易感基因型中仅具有适度优势。
