Wambach Karen, Britt Emily
J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2018 Sep;47(5):632-640. doi: 10.1016/j.jogn.2018.07.007. Epub 2018 Aug 12.
To investigate the workplace breastfeeding support experiences of registered nurses (RNs) and how these experiences differed by type of unit.
A cross-sectional descriptive design.
A large children's hospital health system in the Midwestern United States.
Seventy-eight RNs who were concurrently breastfeeding and working or who had done so within the past 12 months.
The Workplace Breastfeeding Support Scale was used to measure the degree of support that breastfeeding RNs experienced at work with four subscales: Break Time, Work Place Policy, Technical Support, and Environment (total Cronbach's α = .87). An invitation with a link to the online Workplace Breastfeeding Support Scale and demographic surveys was distributed to RNs via the hospital e-mail system. Descriptive statistics and analysis of variance were used to characterize support experiences and explore unit-based differences in support levels.
Of the participants, 35% were first-time mothers, and 60% were currently breastfeeding. Overall, participants rated their support positively; scores on the Workplace Policy subscale were highest, and scores on the Break Time subscale were lowest among the four domains of support. Among RNs who had ceased breastfeeding, we found a positive, weak correlation between break time support and duration of breastfeeding (r = .34, p = .035). No significant differences in support levels were found among nursing unit types or inpatient versus outpatient settings.
Overall, breastfeeding support in the workplace was positively rated, and adequate break time was positively related to duration of breastfeeding among participants. No evidence was found of different support by unit type in this hospital, which suggests that support is consistent across unit types. Future research is needed to appraise lactation support for nurses and other employees in different types of hospitals and geographic areas.
调查注册护士（RN）在工作场所获得母乳喂养支持的经历，以及这些经历因科室类型而异的情况。
横断面描述性设计。
美国中西部一家大型儿童医院医疗系统。
78名同时正在进行母乳喂养且正在工作或在过去12个月内曾进行母乳喂养的注册护士。
采用工作场所母乳喂养支持量表来衡量母乳喂养的注册护士在工作中获得的支持程度，该量表有四个子量表：休息时间、工作场所政策、技术支持和环境（总的克朗巴哈α系数=0.87）。通过医院电子邮件系统向注册护士发送了带有在线工作场所母乳喂养支持量表链接和人口统计学调查问卷的邀请。使用描述性统计和方差分析来描述支持经历，并探索不同科室在支持水平上的差异。
参与者中，35%是初产妇，60%目前正在母乳喂养。总体而言，参与者对他们获得的支持评价积极；在四个支持领域中，工作场所政策子量表的得分最高，休息时间子量表的得分最低。在已停止母乳喂养的注册护士中，我们发现休息时间支持与母乳喂养持续时间之间存在微弱的正相关（r=0.34，p=0.035）。在不同护理科室类型或住院部与门诊部之间，未发现支持水平存在显著差异。
总体而言，工作场所的母乳喂养支持评价积极，充足的休息时间与参与者的母乳喂养持续时间呈正相关。在这家医院未发现不同科室类型提供不同支持的证据，这表明各科室类型的支持是一致的。未来需要开展研究，以评估不同类型医院和地理区域对护士及其他员工的泌乳支持情况。
