Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Zoonosis, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, China.
Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Curr Opin Virol. 2018 Aug;31:9-16. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2018.07.017. Epub 2018 Aug 13.
Despite a substantial increase in our knowledge of the biodiversity and evolution of vertebrate RNA viruses, far less is known about the diversity, evolution and origin of RNA viruses across the diverse phylogenetic range of viruses, and particularly in healthy animals that are often only rarely utilized for virological sampling. Fortunately, recent advances in virus discovery using metagenomic approaches are beginning to reveal a multitude of RNA viruses in vertebrates other than birds and mammals. In particular, fish harbor a remarkable array of RNA viruses, including the relatives of important pathogens. In addition, despite frequent cross-species transmission, the RNA viruses in vertebrates generally follow the evolutionary history of their hosts, which began in the oceans and then moved to terrestrial habitats over timescales covering hundreds of millions of years.
尽管我们对脊椎动物 RNA 病毒的生物多样性和进化有了大量的了解，但对于病毒的广泛进化范围内以及在健康动物中的 RNA 病毒的多样性、进化和起源，我们的了解要少得多，而健康动物通常很少用于病毒学采样。幸运的是，最近利用宏基因组方法进行病毒发现的进展开始揭示出除鸟类和哺乳动物以外的脊椎动物中存在大量的 RNA 病毒。特别是，鱼类拥有包括重要病原体在内的多种 RNA 病毒。此外，尽管经常发生跨物种传播，但脊椎动物中的 RNA 病毒通常遵循其宿主的进化历史，其起源于海洋，然后在数亿年的时间内转移到陆地生境。
