性别差异与卒中：挑战与机遇并存。
Sex differences in stroke: Challenges and opportunities.
机构信息
1 Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA.
2 Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
出版信息
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2018 Dec;38(12):2179-2191. doi: 10.1177/0271678X18793324. Epub 2018 Aug 17.
Abstract
Biologic sex influences many variables that are important to brain health in general, and to stroke or cerebral ischemia in particular, such as general health status, cerebrovascular anatomy and function, unique risk factors such as pregnancy and preeclampsia, symptomatology, and therapeutic response. A more complete understanding of the scale and depth of sexual dimorphism in the brain and the role of more general sex-based factors is crucial to reducing the burden of stroke in women and men. This focused review highlights recent findings in stroke, including sex differences in epidemiology, risk factor reduction, comparative use of stroke therapeutics in both sexes, the importance of frailty in women, and the biologic basis for sex differences in stroke. Such findings show tremendous promise for the future of personalized medicine in stroke prevention and treatment.
摘要
生物性别会影响许多与大脑健康有关的变量，特别是与中风或脑缺血有关的变量，例如整体健康状况、脑血管解剖和功能、独特的风险因素（如妊娠和子痫前期）、症状和治疗反应。更全面地了解大脑中的性别二态性的规模和深度，以及更普遍的基于性别的因素的作用，对于减轻女性和男性中风的负担至关重要。本重点综述强调了中风方面的最新发现，包括流行病学中的性别差异、风险因素的减少、两性中风治疗方法的比较使用、女性脆弱性的重要性，以及中风中性别差异的生物学基础。这些发现为中风预防和治疗的个性化医学的未来带来了巨大的希望。
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