Cruz-Jaramillo I L, Torres-San-Miguel C R, Cortes-Vásquez O, Martínez-Sáez L
Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Unidad Profesional "Adolfo López Mateos", Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica Zacatenco, Edificio 5, 2° Piso Col. Lindavista, 07738 México City, Mexico.
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Instituto Universitario de Investigación del Automóvil, Campus Sur UPM, Carretera de Valencia A-3, km. 7, 28031 Madrid, Spain.
Appl Bionics Biomech. 2018 Jul 16;2018:2359262. doi: 10.1155/2018/2359262. eCollection 2018.
This work studies descriptively the Head Injury Criterion (HIC) and Chest Severity Index (CSI), with a finite element model of the Hybrid III dummy type, for six-year-old subjects in a frontal vehicular collision, using the low-back booster (LBB) passive safety system. The vehicle seats and the passive safety systems were modelled in CAD (computer aided design) software. Then, the elements were analysed by the finite element method (FEM) in LS-DYNA® software. The boundary conditions were established for each study, according to the regulations established by the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS), following the FMVSS 213 standard. The numerical simulations were performed during an interval of 120 ms and recording results every 1 ms. In order to analyse the efficiency of the system, the restraint performance of the LBB system is compared with the restraint configuration of the vehicle safety belt (VSB) only. The obtained injury criteria with the LBB system shows its ability to protect children in a frontal collision. The analyses allow obtaining the deceleration values to which the dummy head and chest was subjected. Of the studies herein performed, Study I: VSB obtained a HIC of 730.4 and CSI of 315.5, while Study II: LBB obtained a HIC of 554.3 and CSI of 281.9. The outcome shows that the restraint efficiency of each studied case differs. Used materials, the attachment system of the LBB, and the belt restraint system properly placed over the infant trunk are the main factors reducing the injury criteria rate.
本研究使用低背式增高垫（LBB）被动安全系统，通过Hybrid III型假人的有限元模型，对6岁儿童在正面车辆碰撞中的头部损伤准则（HIC）和胸部严重度指数（CSI）进行了描述性研究。车辆座椅和被动安全系统在CAD（计算机辅助设计）软件中建模。然后，在LS-DYNA®软件中通过有限元方法（FEM）对这些部件进行分析。根据联邦机动车安全标准（FMVSS）制定的法规，遵循FMVSS 213标准，为每项研究建立边界条件。数值模拟在120毫秒的时间间隔内进行，每1毫秒记录一次结果。为了分析系统的效率，仅将LBB系统的约束性能与车辆安全带（VSB）的约束配置进行比较。使用LBB系统获得的损伤准则表明其在正面碰撞中保护儿童的能力。分析得出了假人头部和胸部所承受的减速值。在本文进行的研究中，研究I：VSB的HIC为730.4，CSI为315.5，而研究II：LBB的HIC为554.3，CSI为281.9。结果表明，每个研究案例的约束效率不同。所使用的材料、LBB的连接系统以及正确放置在婴儿躯干上的安全带约束系统是降低损伤准则率的主要因素。
