Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2018 Oct;106:1378-1389. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.087. Epub 2018 Jul 23.
The purpose of this study was to determine the phytochemical constituents and pharmacological properties of Garcinia xanthochymus which is commonly known as gamboge, yellow mangosteen and false mangosteen. The phytochemicals constituents, pharmacological benefits and their mechanisms were previously presented in a number of studies including in vitro and in vivo studies from published books, journals and articles. The literature used in this review were published between 1970 and 2017 and were available from databases such as Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest and others. The chemical structures in this paper are drawn using ChemBio Ultra 14.0. G. xanthocymus contains many phytochemicals that can be extracted from its constituent parts; the bark, fruits, leaves, roots, twigs and seeds. The predominant extracted phytochemicals are xanthones, benzophenones, flavonoids, depsidones and isocoumarins. These phytochemicals contribute to the pharmacological activities of this plant as an antioxidant, antidiabetic, and for having Nerve Growth Factor-potentiating, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. This species contains a broad range of phytochemicals with curative properties that can be greatly beneficial to man. Notably, this review focused on those studies of the pharmacological effects of this plant that were concentrated on by previous researchers. Thus, further study needs to be done on G. xanthocymus in order to unlock additional potential activities and to pinpoint the exact mechanisms of how these activities can be induced, leading to new drug discoveries which have fewer side effects.
本研究旨在确定藤黄（俗称吉罗、黄莽果和假莽果）的植物化学成分和药理学特性。植物化学成分、药理学益处及其机制在以前的许多研究中都有介绍，包括已发表书籍、期刊和文章中的体外和体内研究。本综述中使用的文献发表于 1970 年至 2017 年之间，可从 Google Scholar、ScienceDirect、Scopus、PubMed、ProQuest 等数据库获取。本文中的化学结构使用 ChemBio Ultra 14.0 绘制。藤黄含有许多可以从其组成部分（树皮、果实、叶子、根、树枝和种子）中提取的植物化学成分。主要提取的植物化学成分是藤黄烷酮、二苯甲酮、类黄酮、去甲二萜和异香豆素。这些植物化学成分赋予了该植物抗氧化、抗糖尿病以及具有神经生长因子增强、抗菌和细胞毒性活性的药理学活性。该物种含有广泛的具有治疗特性的植物化学成分，对人类有很大益处。值得注意的是，本综述重点关注了以前研究人员集中研究的该植物的药理学作用的研究。因此，需要进一步研究藤黄，以发掘其更多潜在的活性，并确定这些活性如何被诱导的确切机制，从而发现具有更少副作用的新药。
