Leal Sharon, Vrij Aldert, Nahari Galit, Mann Samantha
Department of Psychology University of Portsmouth Portsmouth UK.
Department of Criminology Bar-Ilan University Ramat Gan Israel.
Appl Cogn Psychol. 2016 Sep-Oct;30(5):768-774. doi: 10.1002/acp.3252. Epub 2016 Jul 19.
The present experiment examined whether people could be deterred from lying in an online insurance claim setting. A total of 96 participants were asked to submit a theft insurance claim. Reflecting real life, submitting a claim that went beyond the actual costs of the stolen items was associated with advantages and disadvantages. Two deterrence factors were introduced: asking claimants to provide evidence that they actually owned the stolen items (Evidence Instruction, often used by insurers) and asking participants to read out before starting to submit the claim that they will be truthful (Honesty Statement, not often used by insurers). We also examined at what stage of the interview claimants embedded their lies in their otherwise truthful stories. The honesty statement but not the evidence instruction made claimants more honest, and participants lied more as the interview progressed.
本实验考察了在网上保险理赔场景中人们是否会因威慑而不再说谎。共有96名参与者被要求提交一份盗窃保险理赔申请。反映现实生活的情况是，提交一份超出被盗物品实际成本的理赔申请既有好处也有坏处。引入了两个威慑因素：要求索赔人提供他们实际拥有被盗物品的证据（证据说明，保险公司常用），以及要求参与者在开始提交理赔申请前宣读他们会如实陈述（诚实声明，保险公司不常用）。我们还研究了索赔人在访谈的哪个阶段将谎言嵌入到他们原本真实的故事中。诚实声明而非证据说明使索赔人更诚实，并且随着访谈的进行，参与者说谎更多。
