Hari Churunal, Grimshaw Ben, Jacob Tim
Olfactory Research Centre, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University CF10 3AX, United Kingdom.
Int J Appl Basic Med Res. 2018 Jul-Sep;8(3):164-168. doi: 10.4103/ijabmr.IJABMR_2_18.
The effect of local anesthesia to the nasal mucosa on olfactory acuity is the subject of some debate. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of local anesthesia on olfactory perception.
Six healthy participants, five males and one female, were chosen from the academic population of Cardiff University. Olfactory perception was monitored at intervals following administration of 4% lidocaine to the nasal mucosa in the volunteers. Lidocaine was administered using a nasal spray as used in routine otolaryngological investigations. The olfactory stimulus (amyl acetate) was delivered directly to the nostril using an olfactometer. Olfactory perception was determined by the use of a 13 trial, forced choice scoring task.
Lidocaine caused a small, transient reduction in olfactory perception. The maximum reduction in olfactory perception (35%) was achieved by 60 mg lidocaine 15 min following administration, but perception could be increased to almost normal levels by increasing the odor stimulus dose. Detection of the lowest stimulus strength returned to normal levels after 30 min.
Intranasal application of lidocaine, caused a reduction in olfactory perception, however, did not abolish the olfactory function 15 min following administration. Physiological/psychometric olfactory testing would not be precluded under these circumstances, and the effects of anesthesia could be overcome by increasing the stimulus strength.
局部麻醉对鼻黏膜嗅觉敏锐度的影响存在一定争议。本研究旨在探讨局部麻醉对嗅觉感知的影响。
从卡迪夫大学的学术群体中选取6名健康参与者，其中5名男性，1名女性。在志愿者的鼻黏膜给予4%利多卡因后，定期监测嗅觉感知。利多卡因采用常规耳鼻喉科检查中使用的鼻喷雾剂给药。嗅觉刺激物（乙酸戊酯）使用嗅觉计直接输送至鼻孔。嗅觉感知通过13次试验的强迫选择评分任务来确定。
利多卡因导致嗅觉感知出现轻微、短暂的下降。给药后15分钟，60毫克利多卡因使嗅觉感知下降最多（35%），但通过增加气味刺激剂量，嗅觉感知可提高至几乎正常水平。最低刺激强度的检测在30分钟后恢复到正常水平。
鼻内应用利多卡因会导致嗅觉感知下降，但给药后15分钟并未消除嗅觉功能。在这些情况下，生理/心理测量嗅觉测试不受影响，且可通过增加刺激强度克服麻醉效果。
