University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.
Adjunct Assistant Professor, Case Western Reserve University, OH, USA.
Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2018 Oct;15(5):344-352. doi: 10.1111/wvn.12319. Epub 2018 Aug 19.
In spite of the advances in hypertension prevention and treatment, there is a high percentage of people with elevated or uncontrolled blood pressure. New patient-centered strategies are needed to support people managing their condition. A complementary behavioral treatment, the mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program, needs to be evaluated for its potential to reduce blood pressure.
To examine the literature on MBSR program effectiveness for blood pressure in adults with hypertension or elevated blood pressure.
A systematic literature review of randomized control trials reporting the effectiveness of the MBSR program on systolic and diastolic blood pressure in people with hypertension or elevated blood pressure, published between 2012 and 2017 was conducted. Five databases were searched (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library). Data extraction and risk-of-bias assessment were performed.
A total of five articles were included in the review. Most studies found a reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the intervention and control groups; however, this reduction was only observed in clinical blood pressure (in office settings) and not in ambulatory blood pressure (in out-of-office settings) measurements. Analysis within intervention groups suggests that MBSR program reduces clinical blood pressure measurements. Even though these reductions in blood pressure may be of clinical relevance, the findings should be interpreted with caution in view of the lack of studies and study limitations.
The MBSR program is a promising behavioral complementary therapy to help people with hypertension lower their blood pressure through modifications in their lifestyle. More research is needed not only to identify the effectiveness of the MBSR program on blood pressure, but also to explore the mechanisms by which the program influences blood pressure.
尽管在高血压预防和治疗方面取得了进展，但仍有很大比例的人血压升高或不受控制。需要新的以患者为中心的策略来支持人们管理他们的病情。一种补充的行为治疗方法，正念减压（MBSR）计划，需要评估其降低血压的潜力。
检查关于 MBSR 计划对高血压或血压升高的成年人血压有效性的文献。
对 2012 年至 2017 年间发表的关于 MBSR 计划对高血压或血压升高人群的收缩压和舒张压有效性的随机对照试验进行了系统的文献综述。共检索了五个数据库（PubMed、EMBASE、Web of Science、PsycINFO 和 Cochrane Library）。进行了数据提取和风险偏倚评估。
共有五篇文章纳入了综述。大多数研究发现干预组和对照组之间收缩压和舒张压均有所降低；然而，这种降低仅在临床血压（在诊室环境中）而不是在动态血压（在诊室环境外）测量中观察到。对干预组的分析表明，MBSR 计划可降低临床血压测量值。尽管这些血压降低可能具有临床意义，但鉴于缺乏研究和研究局限性，应谨慎解释这些发现。
MBSR 计划是一种有前途的行为补充疗法，可以通过改变生活方式帮助高血压患者降低血压。不仅需要更多的研究来确定 MBSR 计划对血压的有效性，还需要探索该计划影响血压的机制。
