Damiao Gouveia Ana Cecilia, Skovman Astrid, Jensen Annie, Koponen Ismo Kalevi, Loft Steffen, Roursgaard Martin, Møller Peter
Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Mutagenesis. 2018 Sep 17;33(3):253-261. doi: 10.1093/mutage/gey015.
Particles from burning candles contribute to the overall indoor exposure to particulate matter (PM). However, little is known about the effects of indoor sources of particles on cardiovascular disease endpoints. This study investigated the effect of pulmonary exposure to particles from combustion of candles and progression of atherosclerosis. Telomere shortening was assessed in tissues due to its relationship to risk of cardiovascular diseases. The particles were collected from burning candles and used for toxicological studies in cultured endothelial cells and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout mice. Three hours exposure to particles increased the production of reactive oxygen species in endothelial cells, whereas there was no effect on cytotoxicity. Intratracheal instillation of particles (0.5 or 5 mg/kg) once a week for 5 weeks in ApoE-/- mice was associated with an accelerated progression of atherosclerosis in aorta and telomere shortening in the lung and spleen, whereas there was no effect on inflammation in the lungs (i.e. cell numbers), cell damage (i.e. lactate dehydrogenase) and lung barrier damage (i.e. protein concentration) as measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The results indicate that particles from burning candles are hazardous and this indoor emission source is an important contribution to the health risk of exposure to PM.
燃烧蜡烛产生的颗粒物会增加室内颗粒物（PM）的总体暴露量。然而，关于室内颗粒物来源对心血管疾病终点的影响，人们知之甚少。本研究调查了肺部暴露于蜡烛燃烧产生的颗粒物对动脉粥样硬化进展的影响。由于端粒缩短与心血管疾病风险相关，因此对组织中的端粒缩短情况进行了评估。从燃烧的蜡烛中收集颗粒物，并用于培养的内皮细胞和载脂蛋白E（ApoE）基因敲除小鼠的毒理学研究。暴露于颗粒物3小时可增加内皮细胞中活性氧的产生，而对细胞毒性没有影响。在ApoE - / - 小鼠中，每周一次气管内滴注颗粒物（0.5或5 mg/kg），持续5周，与主动脉中动脉粥样硬化的加速进展以及肺和脾脏中端粒缩短有关，而对支气管肺泡灌洗中测量的肺部炎症（即细胞数量）、细胞损伤（即乳酸脱氢酶）和肺屏障损伤（即蛋白质浓度）没有影响。结果表明，燃烧蜡烛产生的颗粒物具有危害性，这种室内排放源是暴露于PM所带来健康风险的重要因素。
