Askenasy J J, Gruskiewicz J, Braun J, Hackett P
Resuscitation. 1986 Apr;13(3):191-201. doi: 10.1016/0300-9572(86)90101-2.
Out of 20 young inpatients who suffered missile head injuries, two (10%) presented repetitive visual images (RVI). The RVI appeared during wakefulness when relaxed with closed eyes and also at sleep stage I, II and REM, at sleep onset and at sleep end. When the two patients were compared neurologically and psychologically with the other eighteen, the coexistence of combat stress syndrome, diffuse brain lesions, right non-dominant associative area damage and homonymous hemianopia characterised the two RVI patients. RVI do not appear in the absence of the combat stress syndrome even in the presence of the other 3 factors. The sleep may be secondarily contaminated by wakefulness RVI. The presence of disturbed REM temporal distribution and short REM latency indicate the depressive state of these patients. It is hypothesised that a similar brain activity in wakefulness and REM sleep explain the wake dreaming or wakefulness RVI of those patients.
在20名遭受导弹头部损伤的年轻住院患者中，有两名（10%）出现了重复性视觉图像（RVI）。RVI在清醒时闭眼放松状态下出现，也出现在睡眠第一阶段、第二阶段和快速眼动期（REM），入睡时和睡眠结束时。将这两名患者与其他18名患者进行神经学和心理学比较时，战斗应激综合征、弥漫性脑损伤、右侧非优势联合区损伤和同侧偏盲同时存在是这两名RVI患者的特征。即使存在其他三个因素，若无战斗应激综合征，RVI也不会出现。睡眠可能会因清醒时的RVI而受到继发性影响。快速眼动期时间分布紊乱和快速眼动潜伏期缩短表明这些患者处于抑郁状态。据推测，清醒和快速眼动睡眠中类似的大脑活动可以解释这些患者的清醒梦或清醒时的RVI。
