Department of Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza di Sant'Onofrio, 4-00165 Rome, Italy.
Curr Med Chem. 2020;27(14):2361-2380. doi: 10.2174/0929867325666180821151409.
In recent years, several anti-angiogenic drugs have been developed and their addition to standard treatment has been associated with clinical benefits. However, the response to anti-angiogenic therapy is characterized by considerable variability. In this context, the development of dynamic non-invasive biomarkers would be helpful to elucidate the emergence of anti-angiogenic resistance as well as to correctly address the treatment.
The purpose of this review is to describe current reports on circulating diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers related to angiogenesis. We further discuss how this non-invasive strategy could improve the monitoring of tumor treatment and help clinical strategy.
We discuss the latest evidence in the literature regarding circulating anti-angiogenic markers. Besides growth factor proteins, different circulating miRNAs could exert a pro- or anti-angiogenic activity so as to represent suitable candidates for a non-invasive strategy. Recent reports indicate that tumor-derived exosomes, which are small membrane vesicles abundant in biological fluids, also have an impact on vascular remodeling.
Numerous circulating biomarkers related to angiogenesis have been recently identified. Their use will allow identifying patients who are more likely to benefit from a specific anti-angiogenic treatment, as well as detecting those who will develop resistance and/or adverse effects. Nonetheless, further studies are required to elucidate the role of these biomarkers in clinical settings.
近年来，已经开发出了几种抗血管生成药物，将它们添加到标准治疗中与临床获益相关。然而，抗血管生成治疗的反应具有相当大的可变性。在这种情况下，开发动态的非侵入性生物标志物将有助于阐明抗血管生成耐药的出现，并正确解决治疗问题。
本综述旨在描述与血管生成相关的当前关于循环诊断和预后生物标志物的报告。我们进一步讨论了这种非侵入性策略如何改善肿瘤治疗的监测，并有助于临床策略。
我们讨论了文献中关于循环抗血管生成标志物的最新证据。除了生长因子蛋白外，不同的循环 microRNA 可以发挥促血管生成或抗血管生成的作用，因此是一种非侵入性策略的合适候选物。最近的报告表明，肿瘤衍生的外泌体，即富含生物体液的小膜囊泡，也对血管重塑有影响。
最近已经确定了许多与血管生成相关的循环生物标志物。它们的使用将能够识别出更有可能从特定抗血管生成治疗中获益的患者，以及那些将发展为耐药性和/或不良反应的患者。然而，仍需要进一步的研究来阐明这些生物标志物在临床环境中的作用。
