Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China.
Environ Pollut. 2018 Nov;242(Pt B):1353-1361. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.08.011. Epub 2018 Aug 7.
This study conducted a field campaign to collect atmospheric deposition samples of heavy metals and arsenic, a metalloid element with typical chemical-physical characteristics (HMA), from 12 sampling sites and water samples from 37 rivers across the Bohai Sea (BS) and North Yellow Sea (NYS) in China. The HMA budgets in the BS and NYS were quantified by a budget model, which was developed based on the HMA inputs from atmospheric deposition and riverine discharge, sequestration to sediment, and interexchange among the BS's four subareas and the NYS. Statistical analyses of 76 deposition samples and 109 water concentration samples showed that atmospheric deposition was a main pathway of Pb entering the BS and NYS, whereas riverine discharge dominated the input of Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd, and As into the marine environment. Modeled results showed that the fractions of HMA in the water bodies compared with their total burdens were 86.6 ± 4.55% in the Liaodong Bay, 60.5 ± 10.5% in the Bohai Bay, 20.9 ± 9.05% in the Laizhou Bay, 95.1 ± 2.06% in the Central BS, and 94.3 ± 1.93% in the NYS. The lowest fraction of HMA in the Laizhou Bay was attributed to high sedimentation rates and higher suspended particulate matter concentrations due to inputs from the Yellow River. The modeled 1-, 10- and 100- year mass budgets indicated that the Liaodong Bay in the north of the BS was a sink of HMA, the Bohai Bay and Laizhou Bay in the west and south of the BS acted as sources, and the Central BS and NYS were a transition area for most HMA.
本研究在中国渤海（BS）和北黄海（NYS）的 12 个采样点采集大气重金属和砷（一种具有典型化学物理特性的类金属元素）沉积样品，并采集了 37 条河流的水样。通过一个基于大气沉积和河流排放、沉积物封存以及 BS 四个分区和 NYS 之间相互交换的 HMA 输入的预算模型，量化了 BS 和 NYS 的 HMA 预算。对 76 个沉积样品和 109 个水浓度样品的统计分析表明，大气沉积是 Pb 进入 BS 和 NYS 的主要途径，而河流排放则主导着 Cr、Cu、Zn、Cd 和 As 进入海洋环境的输入。模型结果表明，与水体总负荷相比，HMA 在水体中的比例在辽东湾为 86.6±4.55%，渤海湾为 60.5±10.5%，莱州湾为 20.9±9.05%，BS 中部为 95.1±2.06%，NYS 为 94.3±1.93%。莱州湾 HMA 比例最低归因于黄河输入导致的高沉积速率和更高的悬浮颗粒物浓度。模型计算的 1 年、10 年和 100 年质量预算表明，BS 北部的辽东湾是 HMA 的汇，BS 西部和南部的渤海湾和莱州湾是 HMA 的源，而 BS 中部和 NYS 是大多数 HMA 的过渡区。
