Department of Public Health, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043.
23 Toledo Drive, Hot Springs Village, AR 71909.
J Sch Health. 2018 Sep;88(9):693-698. doi: 10.1111/josh.12669.
More than half of US states have legalized medical marijuana. Several states have also legalized it for recreational use. In spite of states' actions, marijuana remains illegal under federal law. It remains to be seen, however, if the Trump administration will enforce federal law in states that have legalized marijuana. For now, it appears the move toward state legalization of marijuana will increase. Because of its legal status, research concerning the medical benefits of marijuana has been limited.
We reviewed the literature pertaining to medical use and legalization of marijuana.
Available research shows that marijuana can benefit some conditions. There are also concerns about harmful effects on both individual and public health and whether legalization will lead to increased marijuana use among youth. Each of these elements has implications for school-based drug education programs. Researchers have shown that the 10 states with the highest rate of past month marijuana use by youth all have legalized recreational and/or medical use of marijuana, whereas none of the 10 states with the lowest rate of past month marijuana use by youth, has legalized marijuana. In the debate over legalization schools can potentially serve as a community resource, providing accurate information concerning marijuana.
Teachers and parents should continue to discourage young people from using marijuana (as well as alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs).
美国半数以上的州已经将医用大麻合法化。还有一些州也将其合法化用于娱乐用途。尽管各州已经采取了行动，但大麻在联邦法律下仍然是非法的。然而，特朗普政府是否会在已经将大麻合法化的州执行联邦法律，目前还不得而知。就目前而言，大麻合法化的趋势似乎会加剧。由于其合法地位，关于大麻药用价值的研究受到了限制。
我们回顾了有关医用大麻使用和合法化的文献。
现有研究表明，大麻可能对某些疾病有益。此外，人们还担心大麻会对个人和公共健康造成有害影响，以及合法化是否会导致青少年中大麻使用的增加。所有这些因素都对学校的禁毒教育计划产生影响。研究人员发现，过去一个月青少年大麻使用率最高的 10 个州都已经将娱乐用和/或医用大麻合法化，而过去一个月青少年大麻使用率最低的 10 个州都没有将大麻合法化。在关于合法化的争论中，学校可以作为社区资源，提供有关大麻的准确信息。
教师和家长应继续劝阻年轻人使用大麻（以及酒精、烟草和其他毒品）。
