Kantar Michael B, Hüber Sariel, Herman Adam, Bock Dan G, Baute Greg, Betts Kevin, Ott Matthew, Brandvain Yaniv, Wyse Donald, Stupar Robert M, Rieseberg Loren H
Department of Tropical Plant & Soil Sciences, St. John Plant Science Lab, Room 102, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
Biodiversity Research Centre and Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 3529-6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Genes (Basel). 2018 Aug 21;9(9):422. doi: 10.3390/genes9090422.
Perennial agriculture has been proposed as an option to improve the sustainability of cropping systems, by increasing the efficiency of resource use, while also providing ecosystem services. Neo-domestication, the contemporary domestication of plants that have not previously been used in agriculture, can be used to generate new crops for these systems. Here we explore the potential of a tetraploid (2n = 4x = 68) interspecific hybrid sunflower as a perennial oilseed for use in multifunctional agricultural systems. A population of this novel tetraploid was obtained from crosses between the annual diploid oilseed crop (2n = 2x = 34) and the perennial hexaploid tuber crop (2n = 6x = 102). We selected for classic domestication syndrome traits for three generations. Substantial phenotypic gains were made, in some cases approaching 320%. We also analyzed the genetic basis of tuber production (i.e., perenniality), with the goal of obtaining molecular markers that could be used to facilitate future breeding in this system. Results from quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping suggest that tuber production has an oligogenic genetic basis. Overall, this study indicates that substantial gains towards domestication goals can be achieved over contemporary time scales.
多年生农业已被提议作为一种提高种植系统可持续性的选择，通过提高资源利用效率，同时还提供生态系统服务。新驯化，即对以前未用于农业的植物进行当代驯化，可用于为这些系统培育新作物。在这里，我们探索四倍体（2n = 4x = 68）种间杂交向日葵作为多年生油料作物用于多功能农业系统的潜力。这种新型四倍体群体是通过一年生二倍体油料作物（2n = 2x = 34）与多年生六倍体块茎作物（2n = 6x = 102）杂交获得的。我们对经典驯化综合征性状进行了三代选育。取得了显著的表型增益，在某些情况下接近320%。我们还分析了块茎生产（即多年生性）的遗传基础，目的是获得可用于促进该系统未来育种的分子标记。数量性状位点（QTL）定位结果表明，块茎生产具有寡基因遗传基础。总体而言，这项研究表明，在当代时间尺度上可以朝着驯化目标取得显著进展。
